The values of the radiation temperature and the local asymmetry of the radiation temperature in the premises of buildings with respect to the ball thermometer were estimated by mathematical modeling of the process of radiant heat exchange of each inner surface with a ball thermometer. The ordinary rooms of the intermediate floor of medical and preventive, preschool institutions and residential boarding schools in Belgorod with an estimated outdoor temperature of -24⁰C in the cold period of the year are considered. The aim of the work was to find out the influence of the window size in the rooms with a heating facility on the above microclimate parameters. Windows with standard resistance to heat transfer were taken for consideration, the height of which varied from 1.3 m to 2.3 m, and the width from 0.8 m to 3.8 m. The calculation results show that in the design winter conditions, the optimal requirements of GOST for radiation temperature are often not met. The requirements for local asymmetry of radiation temperature are also not met. The heating facility, in comparison with the air heating, noticeably raises the radiation temperature both at a height of 0.4 m from the floor opposite the heating device and at a height of 1.7 m opposite the window.

E.G. MALYAVINA, Professor, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
S.S. LANDYREV, post graduate student (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)

1. Aparicio P., Salmeron J., Ruiz F., Sanchez J., Brotas L. The globe thermometer in comfort and environmental studies in buildings. Revista de la construccion. 2016. No. 15, pp. 57–66. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-915X2016000300006
2. Malyavina E.G., Frolova A.A., Landyrev S.S. Microclimate parameters evaluation for spaces with windows of different thermal protection. Light & Engineering. 2021. No. 29 (5), pp. 61–67. DOI: 10.33383/2021-078
3. Малявина Е.Г., Барсукова М.А. Разработка методики расчета локальной асимметрии радиационной температуры // Научное обозрение. 2015. № 8. С. 38–41.
3. Malyavina E.G., Barsukova M.A. Development of the method of calculating the local asymmetry of radiation temperature. Science review. 2015. No. 8, pp. 38–41. (In Russian).
4. Musy M., Malys L., Morille B., Inard C. The use of SOLENE-microclimat model to assess adaptation strategies at the district scale. Urban Climate. 2015. No. 14 (2), pp. 213–223. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2015.07.004
5. Zhang L., Xiaoling Y., Lv Q., Cao F., Wang X. Study of transient indoor temperature for a HVAC room using a modified CFD method. Energy Procedia. 2019. No. 160, pp. 420–427. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.176
6. Старкова Л.Г., Морева Ю.А., Новоселова Ю.Н. Оптимизация микроклимата в православном храме методом моделирования воздушных потоков // Вестник ЮУрГУ. Сер. Строительство и архитектура. 2018. № 18 (3). С. 53–59. DOI: 10.14529/build180308
6. Starkova L.G., Moreva Yu.A., Novoselova Yu.N. Optimization of the microclimate in an Orthodox church by modeling air flows. Vestnik of the South Ural State University. The series «Construction and Architecture». 2018. Vol. 18. No. 3, pp. 53–59. (In Russian). DOI: 10.14529/build180308
7. De Luca F., Naboni E., Lobaccaro G. Tall buildings cluster form rationalization in a Nordic climate by factoring in indoor-outdoor comfort and energy. Energy and buildings. 2021. No. 238, 110831. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2021.110831
8. Teitelbaum E., Meggers F. Expanded psychrometric landscapes for radiant cooling and natural ventilation system design and optimization. Energy Procedia. 2017. No. 122, pp. 1129–1134. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.07.436
9. Cannistraro M., Trancossi M. Enhancement of indoor comfort in the presence of large glazed radiant surfaces by a local heat pump system based on Peltier cells. Thermal science and engineering progress. 2019. No. 14, 100388. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsep.2019.100388
10. Vorre M., Jensen R., Dreau J. Radiation exchange between persons and surfaces for building energy simulations. Energy and buildings. 2015. No. 101, pp. 110–121. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.05.005
11. Zhang S., Zhu N., Lv S. Human response and productivity in hot environments with directed thermal radiation. Building and environment. 2021. No. 187, 107408. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.107408
12. Forouzandeh A. Prediction of surface temperature of building surrounding envelopes using holistic microclimate ENVI-met model. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2021. No. 70, 102878. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.102878
13. Малявина Е.Г., Фролова А.А., Ландырев С.С. Распределение локальной асимметрии результирующей температуры по помещению // Сантехника, отопление, кондиционирование. 2021. № 10. С. 36–39.
13. Malyavina E.G, Frolova A.A, Landyrev S.S. Distribution the local asymmetry of resultant temperature on the premise. Santehnika, otoplenie, kondicionirovanie (SOK). 2021. No. 10, pp. 36–39. (In Russian).
14. Малявина Е.Г., Ландырев С.С. Проверка выполнения требований ГОСТ 30494–2011 к параметрам внутренней среды на границе обслуживаемой зоны // АВОК. 2022. № 2. С. 40–42.
14. Malyavina E.G., Landyrev S.S. Checking for compliance with GOST 30494–2011 requirements for indoor environment parameters at the serviced zone border. АВОК. 2022. No. 2, pp. 40–42. (In Russian).
15. Shao S., Zhang H., Jiang L., You Sh., Zheng W. Numerical investigation and thermal analysis of a refrigerant-heated radiator heating system coupled with air source heat pump. Energy Procedia. 2019. No. 158, pp. 2158–2163. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.115748
16. Dudzinska A., Kotowicz A. Features of materials versus thermal comfort in a passive building. Procedia Engineering. 2015. No. 108, pp. 108–115. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.06.125
17. Malz S., Steininger P., Steffens O. On the development of a building insulation using air layers with highly reflective interfaces. Energy and buildings. 2021. No. 236, 110779. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2021.110779
18. Berardi U., Kisilewicz T., Kim S., Lechowska A., Paulos Ja., Schnotale Ja. Experimental and numerical investigation of the thermal transmittance of PVC window frames with silica aerogel. Journal of Building Engineering. 2020. No. 32, 101665. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101665
19. Fontana L. Experimental study on the globe thermometer behaviour in conditions of asymmetry of the radiant temperature. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2010. No. 30, lss. 6–7, pp. 732–740. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2009.12.003
20. Малявина Е.Г., Ландырев С.С. Расчет локальной асимметрии результирующей температуры на границе обслуживаемой зоны помещений в различных городах РФ // Известия вузов. Строительство. 2021. № 7. С. 82–92. DOI 10.32683/0536-1052-2021-751-7-82-92
20. Malyavina E.G., Landyrev S.S. Сalculation of the local asymmetry of the resulting temperature at the boundary of the room serviced area in various cities of the Russian Federation. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitel’stvo. 2021. No. 7, pp. 82–92. (In Russian). DOI: 10.32683/0536-1052-2021-751-7-82-92

A modular prefabricated structure is proposed, in which passive (energy-efficient) mounting elements – springs and hinge loops – were used to facilitate the installation of columns. In this method, the column was connected to the panel by hinge loops at the factory, which made it possible to lift the elements with a crane (without a crane) as a single group during the installation of the frame structure on the construction site. In addition, a mounting spring is installed on the panel at a certain distance, which helps to install the column in the design position and fix it. This method helps to speed up the process of installing elements on the construction site by reducing the number of installation operations when the crane is used to lift elements, as well as during the entire installation process, because instead of one element, it lifts two elements simultaneously. An assessment of the optimal effect of the spring position in the panel on the size of the lifting force required to install the column in the design position was made. The results show that the farther the spring is from the hinge, the less pushing force is required to lift the column. Deformations of the loop connecting the panel to the column, shear stresses and fractures to which the mounting loop may be subjected during the vertical installation of the column, are evaluated within acceptable limits.

S.A. SYCHEV¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
ABASS Agadeer А.¹, Postgraduate (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
AL-HABEEB Ahmed A.¹, Engineer, Postgraduate, (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
D.T. КURASOVA², Engineer Postgraduate (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

¹ Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin (19, Mira Street, Yekaterinburg, Sverdlovsk Oblast, 620002, Russian Federation)
² Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (4, Vtoraya Krasnoarmeiskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190005, Russian Federation)

1. Sychev S.A., Badin G. M. Interactive construction project for a method of staging based on BIM technologies for high-speed modular construction. Architecture and Engineering. 2016. No. 4, pp. 36–41.
2. Badin G.M., Sychev S.A., Pavlova N.A. The influence of the quality of design solutions and construction and installation works on the energy efficiency of buildings. Mir stroitel’stva i nedvizhimosti. 2013. No. 47, pp. 7–10. (In Russian).
3. Bulgakov A.G., Vorobyev V.A., Yevtushenko S.I., Shakhin D.Ya. Avtomatizatsiya i robotizatsiya stroitel’stva [Automation and robotization of construction]. Moscow: INFRA-M. 2013. 452 p.
4. Vilman Yu.A. Improvement of technologies for assembling structures of multi-storey buildings. Vestnik VolgGASU. 2013. No. 4 (29), pp. 21–27. (In Russian).
5. Sychev S.A. Industrial technology of installation of prefabricated transformable buildings in the conditions of the Far North. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 3, pp. 71–78. (In Russian).
6. Patent RF 2197578. Konstruktivnaya sistema mnogoetazhnogo zdaniya i sposob ego vozvedeniya (varianty) [The structural system of a multi-storey building and the method of its construction (options)]. Mordich A.I., Vigdorchik R. I., Sokolovsky L.V., Markovsky M.F., Belevich. V.N., Navoi. D.I., Rak N.A. Declared 28.12.200. Publ. 27.01.2003. Bul. No. 3. (In Russian).
7. Sungkook Kim Won-Ki Hong. Development of modular design of advanced prefabricated composite structural systems (Smart green frame) and integrated energy efficiency. Energiya i zdaniya. 2013. No. 66, pp. 16–21. (In Russian).
8. Nzabonimpa J.D., Won-Ki Hong, Jisun Kim. Mechanical connections of precast reinforced concrete columns with removable metal plates. Konstruktivnoe proektirovanie vysotnykh spetsial’nykh zdanii. 2017. No. 26. Iss. 17. (In Russian).
9. Abass Agadir Ahmed, Al-Habib Ahmed Ali Hussein. System analysis of technical and technological solutions of element connections in full-assembled construction in Russia and abroad. International Conference “Process Management and Scientific Developments”. Birmingham. 2021, pp. 117–125.
10. Badin G.M., Sychev S.A., Makaridze G.D. ekhnologii stroitel’stva i rekonstruktsii energoeffektivnykh zdanii [Technologies of construction and reconstruction of energy-efficient buildings]. Saint Petersburg: BHV-Petersburg, 2017. 464 p.
11. Sychev S.A., Sharipova D.T. Monitoring and logistics of the construction of prefabricated modular buildings. Indian Scientific and Technical Journal. 2015. Vol. 8 (29), pp. 1–6.
12. Afanasyev A.A., Arutyunov S.G., Afonin I.A. Tekhnologiya vozvedeniya bystrovozvodimykh zdanii [Technology of construction of prefabricated buildings]. Moscow: ASV. 2007. 360 p.
13. Sychev S.A. Building systems for the construction of prefabricated buildings from factory-made modules. Architecture and Engineering. 2020. No. 2, pp. 32–38. (In Russian).

Mathematical calculations of risks in natural hazards show that their magnitude depends mainly on such factors as “a large number of people in buildings”. “large scale” and “maximum intensity” of these impacts. Currently, humanity is building mainly settlements with a large number of people. Therefore, in order to determine the real values of risks under hazardous natural impacts for settlements, builders are forced to recognize them as capital construction objects. It is known that in world practice, when calculating capital buildings and structures of settlements, the maximum effects of natural hazards are used. However, the building system of Russia does not recognize settlements as capital construction objects, which makes it possible even the most massive residential and public buildings in settlements to count only on minimal hazardous natural impacts, but this does not protect these buildings and people from probable maximum impacts.

A.V. MASLYAEV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Research Seismic Laboratory (27, bldg. A, 51, Zemlyachki Street, 400117, Volgograd, Russian Federation)

1. Maslyaev A.V. Russia settlements are not protected against the impact of natural hazards. Zhilishchnoe Stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2019. No. 5, pp. 36–42. (In Russian). DOI: https: /doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2019-5-36-42
2. Maslyaev A.V. Construction system of Russia does not protect the life and health view of people in settlements during the earthquake. Zhilishchnoe Stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2018. No. 9, pp. 60–63. (In Russian).
3. Aktikaev F.F., Maslyaev A.V. Protection of life and health of people is not recognized as the main goal in the construction of buildings in Russia. Zhilishchnoe Stroitelstvo [Housing construction]. 2019. No. 11, pp. 58–64. (In Russian). DOI: https:/doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2019-11-58-64
4. Maslyaev A.V. Protection of Russia settlements against effect of dangerous natural phenomena Zhilishchnoe Stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 4, pp. 40–43. (In Russian).
5. Maslyaev A.V. Analysis of provisions of the RF Federal Laws and normative documents concerning the use of the RF maps of on the seismic hazards (OSR-2015) in construction. Zhilishchnoe Stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2016. No. 8, pp. 3–8. (In Russian).
6. Maslyaev A.V. Seismic protection of settlements of Russia with due regard for “UnCpredictability of the next dangerous natural phenomenon”. Zhilishchnoe Stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 11, pp. 43–47. (In Russian).
7. Maslyaev A.V. Dependence of the citys earthquake protection on the level of responsibility of residential buildings. Prirodnye i tekhnogennye riski. Bezopasnost sooruzhenii. 2013. No. 5, pp. 29–32. (In Russian).
8. Ginzburg A.V., Maslyaev A.V. Protection of localites in hazardous natural phenomena is the main purpose of the Russian construction system. Zhilishchnoe Stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2021. No. 12, pp. 35–44. (In Russian). DOI: https: /doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2021-12-35-44
9. Maslyaev A.V. About the safety of mass residential and public buildings in Case of dangerous natural influences. Zhilishchnoe Stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2021. No. 1–2, pp. 40–49. (In Russian). DOI: https:/doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2021-1-2-40-49
10. Maslyaev A.V. Author’s paradigm of the Russia construction system. Zhilishchnoe Stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2020. No. 1–2, pp. 65–71. (In Russian). DOI: https: /doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2020-1-2-65-71
11. Lobastov O.S., Levchenko S.L. Nekotorye zakonomernosti vozniknoveniya i techeniya patologicheskikh reaktsii strakha u lyudei v zhilykh pomeshcheniyakh, okazavshikhsya v raione zemletryaseniya [Some regularities of origin and the course of pathological reactions of fear at people in the premises which appeared around an earthquake]. Leningrad: Voennomeditsinskaya akademiya im. S.M. Kirova. 1983.
12. Alexandrovsky Yu.A. Pogranichnye psikhicheskie rasstroistva: Rukovodstvo dlya vrachei [Boundary mental disturbances: A management for doctors]. Rostov-on-Don: Feniks. 1997. 576 p.
13. Maslyaev A.V. Seismozashchita zdanii v naselennykh punktakh dlya sokhraneniya zhizni I zdorovya lyudei pri zemletryasenii [Seismic protection of buildings in settlements to preserve the life and health of people during an earthquake. Volgograd: VolgSTU. 2018. 149 p.
14. Vakhov V.P. Mental violations at the serving organized collectives around disasters. Mental disturbances at victims during an earthquake in Armenia. Papers of scientific research institute of general and judicial psychiatry of V.P. Serbsky. 1989, pp. 34–41. (In Russian).
15. Maslyaev A.V. On the need to introduce the requirements of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 384-FZ on the protection of life and health of people in buildings during an earthquake into Federal normative documents. Vestnik VolgGASU. Stroitelstvo i Architectura. 2014. No. 37 (56), pp. 57–62. (In Russian).
16. Composition of the Build ing Standard Law of Japan. 1987. 29 р.
17. Maslyaev A.V. Substantiation of a matrix model of execution in RF Federal laws and normative documents of construction content. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2018. No. 11, pp. 41–47. (In Russian).
18. Platonov A.S., Shestoperov G.S., Rogozhin E.A. Utochnenie seismotektonicheskoi obstanovki i seismicheskoe mikroraiorovanie uchastka stroitelstva gorodskogo mosta cherez r. Volgu v Volgograde. Seismotektonicheskie issledovanya [Specification of seismotektonic conditions and seismic microdivizion into districts of a site of building of the city bricige through the river Volga in Volgograde. Seismotectonic researches]. Moscow: CNIIS. 1996. 125 p.

The uniqueness of Kuban as a specific historical and cultural territory of Russia is noted. A conceptual model formed in the process of generalizing the spiritual and cognitive needs of an individual in the cultural environment of the region is presented. A logical algorithm has been compiled that determines the degree of accessibility of architectural heritage objects. A linear algorithm has been compiled that determines the degree of accessibility of architectural heritage objects. Specific elements characterizing this accessibility and taking into account the current dynamics of innovative technologies are taken as the calculation criterion. The possibility of using a conceptual model on the example of the object of the architectural heritage of the Kuban – the Ascension Church in the village of Plastunovskaya of the Krasnodar Territory is indicated. The architectural features of the temple architecture monument under consideration are revealed. Attention is focused on the preservation of regional identity, historical continuity, which are valuable and cultural guidelines for education and transmission to present and future generations. The practical application of the presented model equally contributes to the development of educational tourism.

O.S. SUBBOTIN, Doctor Architecture, (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin (13, Kalinin Street, Krasnodar, 350044, Russian Federation)

1. Lokotko A.I. Istoriko-kul’turnyye landshafty Belarusi [Historical and cultural landscapes of Belarus]. Minsk: Belarusskaya nauka. 2006. 470 p. (In Russian).
2. Subbotin O.S. [Innovative materials and technologies in public buildings in Sochi. Zhilishnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing construction]. 2016. No. 11, pp. 29–34. (In Russian).
3. Utrachennyye khramy Sankt-Peterburga. Opyt arkhitekturnoy rekonstruktsii [Lost temples of St. Petersburg. Experience in architectural reconstruction]. Auth.-composition. S.V. Sementsov. St. Petersburg: Publishing House IP E.A. Petelina. 2021. 200 p. (In Russian).
4. Subbotin O.S. Temple architecture of the Kuban and cultural borrowing of Slavic-Byzantine traditions. Zhilishnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing construction]. 2012. No. 1, pp. 45–47. (In Russian).
5. Pluzhnikov V.I. Tipologiya ob’’yemnykh kompozitsiy v kul’tovom zodchestve kontsa ХVII – nachala ХХ v. na territorii Bryanskoy oblasti [Typology of three-dimensional compositions in religious architecture of the late 17-th – early 20-th century on the territory of the Bryansk region]. Monuments of Russian architecture of monumental art. Style, attribution, dating. Moscow: Nauka. 1983, pp. 157–198. (In Russian).
6. Kirichenko E.I. Russkaya arkhitektura 1830-kh – 1910-kh godov [Russian architecture of the 1830-y – 1910-y]. Moscow: Iskusstvo. 1978. 400 p. (In Russian).
7. Orelskaya O.V. Nizhny Novgorod architectural school at the turn of the century. Baikal project. 2020. V. 17. No. 64, pp. 42–51. (In Russian).
8. Subbotin O.S. Monuments of the architectural heritage of Tobolsk. Zhilishnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing construction]. 2011. No. 10, pp. 48–50. (In Russian).
9. Subbotin O.S., Khritankov V.F. Effective use of energy-saving structures and materials in low-rise residential buildings. Zhilishnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing construction]. 2008. No. 12, pp. 20–23. (In Russian).
10. Shamruk A.S. Arkhitektura Belarusi ХХ – nachala ХХI v.: Evolyutsiya stiley i khudozhestvennykh kontseptsiy. [Architecture of Belarus in the 20-th – early 21-th centuries: Evolution of styles and artistic concepts]. Minsk: Belarusskaya nauka. 2007. 335 p. (In Russian).
11. Slavina T.A. Issledovateli russkogo zodchestva. Russkaya istoriko-arkhitekturnaya nauka ХVIII – nachala ХХ veka [Researchers of Russian architecture. Russian historical and architectural science of the 18-th – early 20-th centuries]. Leningrad: Leningrad University Press, 1983. 192 p. (In Russian).

The process of forming an information model of an object and the possible levels of detail of the model depending on the task are considered. When creating a model, it is necessary to determine the required level of detail elaboration, the capabilities of the available software and computer equipment. The formed information model is a computer model of a really existing structure throughout its life and reflects all changes, additions to the current and future state. Depending on the type of structure, it is necessary to take into account physical, geometric or constructive nonlinearity, which significantly affects the formulation of the problem, its dimension, and the method of solution. In addition, it is necessary to competently analyze the results of the calculation, and, if necessary, perform their verification, including by physical experiment.

A.S. ALEKSEEVA¹, Engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
N.A. BUZALO¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
A.I. POSTOVALOV², Engineer;
B.A. CHERNYKHOVSKY¹, Engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

¹ South Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI) named afer M.I. Platov (132, Enlightenment Street, Novocherkassk, 346428, Rostov Region, Russian Federation)
² Research Institute of Building Physics, RAACS (21, Lokomotivny Proezd, Moscow, 127238, Russian Federation)

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1. Kriksunov E.Z., Perelmuter A.V. On the design models of structures and the possibilities of their analysis. CADmaster. 2000. No. 3, pp. 38–43. (In Russian).
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3. Bukunov A.S. Information processing for decision-making in information modeling. BIM-modeling in construction and architecture problems. St. Petersburg: SPbGASU. 2020, pp. 386–392. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.23968/BIMAC.2020.050 https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=43060825
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5. Petrov D.S., Salnikov A.Yu. BIM-technologies in the construction industry and the relevance of their implementation. Actual problems of construction, housing and communal services and technosphere safety: Proceedings of the VII All-Russian (with international participation) scientific and technical conference of young researchers. Volgograd: VolGTU. 2020, pp. 68–70.
6. Бароев Р.В. Расчет узлов стальных конструкций компонентным методом конечных элементов // CADmaster. 2019. № 3 (91). С. 95–101.
6. Baroev R.V. Calculation of nodes of steel structures by the component finite element method. CADmaster. 2019. No. 3 (91), pp. 95–101. (In Russian).
7. Ведяков И.И. Еремеев П.Г. К вопросу живучести строительных конструкций // Строительная механика и расчет сооружений. 2008. № 4. С. 76–78.
7. Vedyakov I.I. Eremeev P.G. On the issue of survivability of building structures. Stroitel’naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy. 2008. No. 4, рр. 76–78. (In Russian).
8. Еремеев П.Г. Современные стальные конструкции большепролетных покрытий уникальных зданий и сооружений. М.: АСВ, 2009. 336 с.
8. Eremeev P.G. Sovremennyye stal’nyye konstruktsii bol’sheproletnykh pokrytiy unikal’nykh zdaniy i sooruzheniy [Modern steel structures for large-span coatings of unique buildings and structures]. Moscow: ASV. 2009. 336 p.
9. Brockenbrough Roger L., Frederick S. Merritt Structural steel designer’s handbook. McGraw-Hill, 1999.
10. Vu A.-T., Werner F. Optimization of steel structures based on differential evolution algorithm. 18th International Conference on the Application of Computer Science and Mathematics in Architecture and Civil Engineering. Weimar. Germany. 07–09 July 2009.
11. Перельмутер А. В. Избранные проблемы надежности и безопасности строительных конструкций. М.: АСВ, 2007. 256 с.
11. Perelmuter A.V. Izbrannyye problemy nadezhnosti i bezopasnosti stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy. [Selected problems of reliability and safety of building structures]. Moscow: ASV. 2007. 256 p.

The Trading House of the Economic Society of Officers or Voentorg – a department store, was built in 1913 on Vozdvizhenka in the center of Moscow. At the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th centuries. public and commercial buildings were erected in every major city, which often became the basis and compositional core of the historical center. In Moscow, Paris, London, Berlin, Dresden, Vienna, Milan, Rome in the middle of the 19th – early 20th centuries. new trade buildings were an important part of the reconstruction of the city (settlement of streets and squares, creation of a special city structure based on its historical layout, enlargement of buildings, unification of buildings along the red line of the street). Subsequently, some of them were rebuilt, changed, transformed, expanded their boundaries and, at the same time, retained their significance in the structure of the modern city. The history of the Moscow Voentorg is a complex phenomenon that reflects the political, economic, urban planning and architectural trends of different periods.

I.A. PROKOFIEVA, Candidate of Architecture (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Moscow Institute of Architecture (State Academy of Architecture) – MARKHI (11, Rozhdestvenka Street, Moscow, 107031, Russian Federation)

1. Bondarenko I.A. Krasnyaya ploschad. [Red Square in Moscow]. Mоscow: Veche. 2006. 416 p.
2. Gidion Z. Prostranstvo, vremya, arhitektura. [Space, time, architecture]. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1984. 455 p.
3. Baileau L.A. Les Magasins au Bon Marche. Encyclopedie d’architecture. 1880. 653 p.
4. Maitland B. Pesheodnye torgovo-obschestvennye prostranstva. [Pedestrian trade and public spaces]. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1989. 155 p.
5. Mikhailov K. Voentorg will be put to waste. Izvestia. July 10, 2003. (In Russian).
6. Prokofieva I.A., Khait V.L. Moscow passages – yesterday, today, tomorrow. Tradition and modernity. Architectura I stroitelstvo Moskvy. 2001. No. 1, pp. 18–23. (In Russian).
7. Prokofieva I.A. Public and commercial buildings in the structure of the historical center of Moscow and Paris. Principles of succession and development. Zhilischnoe Stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2021. No. 3, pp. 25–32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2021-3-25-32 (In Russian).
8. Prokofieva I.A. Merchant Modern G.V. Baranovsky. Zhilischnoe Stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2010. No. 7, pp. 36–39. (In Russian).
9. Prokofieva I.A. Ilyinka. Architectura I stroitelstvo Moskvy. 2010. Vol. 549. No. 1, pp. 32–50. (In Russian).
10. Prokofieva I.A. Gostiny yard. History and modernity. Academia. Architectura I Stroitelstvo. 2010. No. 1, pp. 41–46. (In Russian).
11. Prokofieva I.A. From the history of urban planning. The first Moscow passages. Architectura I Stroitelstvo Moskvy. 1999. № 6, pp. 44–48. (In Russian).

The topic related to the domestic positioning of the space of the Azov-Black Sea region, which is especially relevant in modern conditions, was touched upon. The author traces the principles of the development of the territories of Russia’s access to the South seas, as well as the principles of the construction of fortifications of the Azov fortress in historical retrospect in the context of cooperation between Emperor Peter I and the Dutch scientist N. Witsen, who was also an outstanding politician, a famous Dutch diplomat, his name was widely known in Europe in the late XVII – early XVIII centuries. In Russian history, Witsen is known as an associate and friend of Peter I, who supports his idea of “Russia from the Baltic to the Crimea.” Witsen was an extremely talented, versatile and energetic person who was engaged not only in politics and diplomacy, but also in many sciences – from philosophy to ship engineering, as well as cartography. The author of the article relies on Witsen’s diary – a unique document that describes important historical events of this period: traditions, manners and customs of both the royal court and the life of ordinary people. Witsen gives a detailed description of the peculiarities of life and traditions of the Russian and other peoples who lived on the Russian territory. The information provided by Witsen gives a very accurate chronology related to the life of Peter the Great, which was subsequently confirmed by court records. The article is dedicated to the 350th anniversary of the birth of Peter I.

P.V. PANUKHIN, Candidate of Architecture (Engineering)

Moscow Institute of Architecture (State Academy of Architecture) – MARKHI (11, Rozhdestvenka Street, Moscow, 107031, Russian Federation)

1. Panukhin P.V. Prostranstvo i vremya na kartakh Kryma [Space and time on the maps of Crimea]. Moscow: Architektura-С. 2020. 454 p.
2. Vitsen N. Puteshestvie v Moskoviyu [Journey to Muscoviyu]. Amsterdam – Moscow: Pegasus. 2006. 12 p.
3. Titlestad Turgrim. Tsarskii admiral Kornelius Kryuis na sluzhbe u Petra Velikogo [Tsarist Admiral Cornelius Kruys in the service of Peter the Great]. St. Petersburg: Russian-Baltic information center “Blits”. 1995. 168 p.
4. Witsen N. Severnaya i Vostochnaya Tartariya [Northern and Eastern Tartaria]. Amsterdam – Saint Petersburg: Pegasus. 2010.
5. Kirpichnikov A.N. Rossiya XVII veka v risunkakh i opisaniyakh gollandskogo puteshestvennika Nikolasa Vitsena [Russia of the 17th century in the drawings and descriptions of the Dutch traveler Nicholas Witsen]. Saint Petersburg: Slavia. 1995. 206 p.
6. Shefov N.A. Bitvy Rossii: Entsiklopediya [Battles of Russia: Encyclopedia]. Moscow: AST. 2006.
7. Dotsenko V.D. Flot Petra Velikogo. Azovskii flot. Velikoe posol’stvo. Kerchenskii pokhod [Fleet of Peter the Great. Azov Fleet. Great Embassy. Kerch campaign]. Sea almanac. No. 1. Ch. 1. History of the Russian fleet. Saint Petersburg. 2008. 492 p.
8. Khronologicheskii ukazatel’ voennykh deistvii russkoi armii i flota [Chronological index of military operations of the Russian army and navy]. Vol. I (1695–1725) Saint Petersburg: Voen. Tip. 1908–1913.
9. Beskrovny L.G. Russkaya armiya i flot v XVIII veke [Russian army and fleet in the XVIII century (Essays)]. Moscow: Military Publishing. 1968. 662 p.
10. Kersnovsky A.A. Istoriya russkoi armii [History of the Russian army]. Moscow: Eksmo. 2006.
11. Yakovlev V.V. Evolyutsiya dolgovremennoi fortifikatsii [The evolution of long-term fortification]. Moscow: Voenizdat. 1937.

The article are revealed objective prerequisites for the introduction of the provisions of standard design at a new stage of industrialization of construction with the use of innovative technical and technological solutions, including new architectural and construction systems, principles of digitalization in design, production and project life cycle management. An indicative nomenclature of standard projects of social and cultural objects and other public buildings for a number of sectors of the economy, as well as engineering infrastructure, and a variant of its development, taking into account the use of various types of industrial building structures, including light thin-walled steel structures, is proposed. The solution of a set of tasks for the organization of standard design is proposed with the legislative assignment of powers to the federal executive authority in the field of design and construction. Management of planning, coordination and development of standard projects with generalization of the experience of experimental design of construction, the formation of their nomenclature should be entrusted to the specialized research and design institute subordinate to this ministry.

D.V. MIKHEEV¹, Candidate of Sciences (Economics) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
V.V. GURYEV¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (89150902767@mail.);
A.N. DMITRIEV², Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
S.S. BACHURINA³, Doctor of Sciences (Economics) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
S.I. YAKHKIND¹, Candidate of Architecture (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

¹ Central Research and Design Institute of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation (29, Vernadsky Avenue, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation)
² Plekhanov Russian University of Economics (36, Stremyanny Lane, Moscow, 1179971, Russian Federation)
³ Expert Council on Construction, Building Materials Industry and Problems of Shared-Equity Construction under the State Duma Committee on Construction and Housing and Communal Services, (1, Okhotny Ryad Street, Moscow, 103265, Russian Federation)

1. Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 30.12.2017 No. 1710 State Program of the Russian Federation «Provision of Affordable and Comfortable Housing and Utilities for Citizens of the Russian Federation» https://docs.cntd.ru/document/9037928 (Date of access 07.07.2022). (In Russian)
2. Federal Law of 24.12.2004 No. 190-FZ «Urban Planning Code of the Russian Federation» https://docs.cntd.ru/document/901919338 (Date of access 07.07.2022). (In Russian)
3. Federal Law No. 368-FZ of 03.07.2016 «On Amendments to the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation» https://docs.cntd.ru/document/420363704 (Date of access 07.07.2022). (In Russian)
4. Federal Law No. 275-FZ of 01.07.2021 «On Amendments to the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation and Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation» https://normativ.kontur.ru/document?moduleId=1&documentId=411977 (Date of access 07.07.2022). (In Russian)
5. Federal Law of 30.12.2020 No. 494-FZ «On Amendments to the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation and Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation in order to Ensure Integrated Development of Territories» http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_372677/ (Date of appeal 07.07.2022). (In Russian)
6. Postanovlenie Tsentral’nogo Komiteta KPSS, Soveta Ministrov SSSR ot 11.02.1988 № 97 «O merakh po uskoreniyu razvitiya individual’nogo zhilishchnogo stroitel’stva» [Resolution of the Central Committee of the CPSU, the Council of Ministers of the USSR of 11.02.1988 No. 97 «On measures to accelerate the development of individual housing construction»] https://docs.cntd.ru/document/9037928 (Date of access 07.07.2022). (In Russian).
7. Recommendations for the design of manor houses and outbuildings for rural construction. Moscow: TsNIIP gilistha. 1984. 55 p. (In Russian)
8. Guryev V.V., Dorofeev V.M., Duzinkevich M.S. Assessment of the residual resource of buildings of mass development of the first period of industrial housing construction. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2006. No. 4, pp. 25–26. (In Russian).
9. Anikin V.A., Guryev V.V. On design and scientific support for the rehabilitation of the Moscow housing stock of the I and II periods of industrial housing construction. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2004. No. 12, pp. 21–23. (In Russian).
10. Guryev V.V., Sukhoroslov V.M., Protz R. Reconstruction and rehabilitation of residential buildings of the first and second periods of industrial housing construction, taking into account the experience of Berlin. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2008. No. 12, pp. 35–38. (In Russian).
11. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 27.12.2021 No. 3883-r «On approval of the strategic direction in the field of digital transformation of the construction industry, urban, housing and communal services of the Russian Federation until 2030» https://ru24.net/documents/307419949/ (Date of access 07.07.2022). (In Russian).
12. Bachurina S.S. Informatsionnoe modelirovanie: metodologiya ispol’zovaniya tsifrovykh modelei v protsesse perekhodya k tsifrovomu proektirovaniyu i stroitel’stvu. Ch. 2. Perekhod k tsifrovomu proektirovaniyu i stroitel’stvu. Metodologiya [Information modeling: methodology for using digital models in the process moving to digital design and construction. Ch. 2: Transition to digital design and construction. Methodology]. Moscow: DSK Press. 2021. 128 p. (In Russian).

The reliability of building structures is one of the key indicators of mechanical safety. Modern problems of assessing the reliability index of building structures related to the analysis of statistical data and the construction of mathematical models of limit states are considered. The use of p-boxes as promising and effective models of random variables making it possible to describe more validly probability distribution functions is demonstrated. The numerical example of the reliability index evaluation reflects the fact that even samples based on a large volume of experimental data require the use of the provisions of interval analysis, fuzzy analysis and other modern theories of data analysis. A numerical example shows the problem of invariance of mathematical models of limit states for probabilistic reliability analysis, as a result of which different forms of one mathematical model lead to different estimates of the reliability index. The development of numerical methods for calculating building structures and the increase in computing power does not make it possible to increase the reliability of probabilistic assessment of the reliability of building structures based on classical probabilistic and statistical methods. There is a need to develop reliability analysis methods based on modern methods and computational algorithms. Perspective directions for the development of methods for analyzing the reliability of building structures are noted.

S.A. SOLOVIEV¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering),
A.A. SOLOVIEVA¹, Postgraduate (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
N.P. UMNYAKOVA^2,3, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
A.A. KOCHKIN¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

¹ Vologda State University (15, Lenina Street, 160000, Vologda, Russian Federation)
² Research Institute of Building Physics, Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences, (21, Lokomotivny Driveway, Moscow, 127238, Russian Federation)
³ National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoye Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)

1. Мкртычев О.В., Райзер В.Д. Теория надежности в проектировании строительных конструкций. М: АСВ, 2016. 908 с.
2. Faes M. G., Daub M., Marelli S., Patelli E., Beer M. Engineering analysis with probability boxes: a review on computational methods. Structural Safety. 2021. Vol. 93, pp. 102092.
3. Тamrazyan A.G. Design of Structural Elements in the Event of the PreSet Reliability, Regular Load and Bearing Capacity Distribution. Vestnik MGSU. 2012. No. 10, pp. 109–115. (In Russian).
4. Utkin V.S., Solovev S.A., Yarigina O.V. Structural elements design on reliability level in case limited statistical data. Stroitelstvo I Reconstructiya. 2020. No. 1, pp. 81–91. (In Russian).
5. Kabir S., Papadopoulos Y. A review of applications of fuzzy sets to safety and reliability engineering. International Journal of Approximate Reasoning. 2018. Vol. 100, pp. 29–55.
6. Soloveva A.A., Solovev S.A. A research into the development of models of random variables as part of the structural reliability analysis performed in the absence of some statistical information. Vestnik MGSU. 2021. Vol. 16 (5), pp. 587–607. (In Russian).
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16. Simon C., Bicking F. Hybrid computation of uncertainty in reliability analysis with p-box and evidential networks. Reliability Engineering & System Safety. 2017. Vol. 167, pp. 629–638
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18. Adishchev V.V., Shmakov D.S. The method of constructing the membership function with «direct» processing of the initial data. Proceedings of NGASU. 2013. Vol. 16. No. 2, pp. 45–66. (In Russian).
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21. Afshari S.S., Enayatollahi F., Xu X., Liang X. Machine learning-based methods in structural reliability analysis: A review. Reliability Engineering & System Safety. 2022. Vol. 219, pp. 108223.

The process of forming an information model of an object, taking into account the green building standard, is considered. The basis of such a model is a system of biological phyto-purification of air, which is composed of typical photo-bioreactors. The presence of standard modules makes it possible to integrate air purification complexes with sewage treatment plants, agricultural complexes, large closed condominiums, and industrial enterprises. Purification and absorption of carbon dioxide occurs due to the growth of single-celled chlorella algae, which are a separate product and can serve as raw materials for the production of medicines and agricultural products. On the basis of the created model, the issues of efficient use of water, reduction of the carbon footprint, favorable transformation of the landscape due to the restoration of the natural environment and the purification of water bodies are being addressed. The modular structure of biological phyto-air purification makes it possible to create three options for using the system – basic, local and hybrid.

N.A. BUZALO¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
L.G. SPIRIDONOVA², Candidate of Sciences (Engineering),
M.K. TRUBCHANINOV², Engineer, (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
N.P. UMNYAKOVA^3,4, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
S.A. SHCHERBAKOV², Engineer

¹ Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI) (132, Prosveshcheniya Street, Novocherkassk, Rostov Region, 346428, Russian Federation)
² First Project company (72, Sokolova Street, Rostov-on-Don, 344000, Russian Federation)
³ Research Institute of Building Physics, Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences (21, Lokomotivniy Driveway, Moscow, 127238, Russian Federation)
⁴ National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoye Highway, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation)

1. Kosheleva E., Elliot J. Green Building in the Russian Context: A Study of the LEED Green Building Rating System in the Russian Federation. Journal of Green Building. 2006. Vol. 1. No. 3, pp. 5–10.
2. O sostoyanii okruzhayushchey sredy v gorode Moskve v 2016 godu. Pod red. A.O. Kul’bachevskogo [On the state of the environment in the city of Moscow in 2016. Edited by A.O. Kulbachevsky]. Moscow: DPiOOS. NIiPI IGSP. 2017. 363 р.
3. Gorkin A.P. Geografiya postindustrial’noy promyshlennosti (metodologiya i rezul’taty issledovaniy, 1973-2012 gody) [Geography of post-industrial industry (methodology and research results, 1973–2012)]. Smolensk: Oikumena. 2012. 348 р.
4. Bobylev S.N., Porfiriev B.N. Sustainable development of the largest cities and megacities: a factor of ecosystem services. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Series 6: Economika. 2016. No. 6, pp. 3–21. (In Russian).
5. Bukunov A.S. Information processing for decision-making in information modeling. BIM-modelirovaniye v zadachakh stroitel’stva i arkhitektury [BIM-modeling in construction and architecture problems] St. Petersburg: SPbGASU. 2020, pp. 386–392. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.23968/BIMAC.2020.050
6. Petrov D.S., Salnikov A.Yu. BIM-technologies in the construction industry and the relevance of their implementation. Actual problems of construction, housing and communal services and technosphere safety: Proceedings of the VII All-Russian (with international participation) scientific and technical conference of young researchers. Volgograd: VolGTU, 2020, pp. 68–70. https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=44381468 (Date of access 30.06.22). (In Russian).
7. Bityukova V.R., Saulskaya T.D. Changes in the anthropogenic impact of industrial zones in Moscow in the post-Soviet period. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Series 5. GeographIya. 2017. No. 3, pp. 34–41. (In Russian).
8. Shumova H.A. Zakonomernosti formirovaniya vodopotrebleniya i vodoobespechennosti agrotsenozov v usloviyakh yuga Russkoy ravniny [Patterns of formation of water consumption and water supply of agrocenoses in the conditions of the south of the Russian Plain]. Moscow: Nauka. 2010. 239 р. (In Russian).
9. Bolgov M.V., Michon M.V., Sentsov N.I. Sovremennyye problemy otsenki vodnykh resursov i vodoobespecheniya [Modern problems of assessing water resources and water supply]. Moscow: Nauka. 2005. 317 p. (In Russian).
10. Thomson A., Pricea G.W., Arnold M. Review of the potential for recycling CO₂ from organic waste composting into plant production under controlled environment agriculture. Journal of Cleaner Production. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.130051
11. Zgoda Yu.N., Semenov A.A. Prospects for the development of software and hardware for BIM modeling. New information technologies in architecture and construction: materials of a scientific and practical conference with international participation. Yekaterinburg: UrGAHU, 2020, pp. 43–48. (In Russian).
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Dozens of foreign companies have suspended their work on the Russian market due to the imposed sanctions against the Russian Federation, foreign companies have stopped selling machinery and components, as well as equipment for the production of building materials. And companies that are ready to continue supplying equipment have logistical problems. The building materials market of the Russian Federation is threatened by a decrease in production volumes. Hence, their rise in price. With rising prices, demand decreases, and the entire construction industry stagnates, which, by definition, is one of the most important driving forces of the Russian Federation economy. High-quality Russian equipment, spare parts and components for the production of the most popular building materials are offered. The construction of own enterprises for the production of building materials, the modernization of existing facilities by equipping them with new modern automatic lines, can be a very profitable investment for large development companies and other investors.

V.B. PESKOV, Сandidate of Sciences (Engineering), Chairman of the Board of Directors of Steinblock Group, Member of the Management Board of the Machine-Building Cluster of the Republic of Tatarstan

GC “STEINBLOCK” (32, Rezervniy Driveway, Naberezhnye Chelny, 423800, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation)

The results of experimental studies of sound insulation of frameless sandwich panels with shotcretedcladdings, intended for use in buildings as light partitions between rooms, are presented. In the process of applying the shotcreted layer, the mortar is applied to the surface, followed by leveling. The construction of internal enclosing structures of buildings using shotcrete technology is increasing every year. At the same time, the soundinsulating properties of this type of enclosureshave not been studied.The measurements were carried out in laboratory conditions, with obtaining the frequency characteristics of the sound insulation of the enclosures in one-third octave frequency bands, in the range from 100 to 5000 Hz. The effect of the thickness of shotcretedcladdings on the sound insulation of enclosureshas been studied. A comparison of the frequency characteristics of sound insulation of sandwich panels with shotcreted claddings and sandwich panels with sheet claddingsis presented. Shotcretedcladdingswere made from gypsum mortar. Gypsum-fiber sheets and oriented strand boards were used as sheet claddings.The analysis of the received experimental results is carried out. It is determined that the forms of the frequency characteristics of the sound insulation of sandwich panels with shotcreted claddings and sandwich panels with sheet claddings generally correspond to each other. The frequency ranges in which the most significant dips of sound insulation of the samples are located are established.Methods for regulating of sound insulation of sandwich panels with shotcretedcladdings in the ranges near the resonant frequency of the “mass-spring-mass” system and the boundary frequency of the region of total spatial resonances are determined.

D.S. KUZMIN¹, postgraduate student (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
D.V. MONICH¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
P.A. GREBNEV¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
O.V. GRADOVA², Head of sector (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

¹ Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (65, Ilyinskaya Street, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russian Federation)
² Research Institute of Building Physics, Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences (21, Lokomotivny Driveway, Moscow, 127238, Russian Federation)

1. Il’in D.S. Noise pollution of the urbanized environment. Environmental safety in the conditions of anthropogenic transformation of the natural environment: Collection of materials of the all-Russian school-seminar dedicated to the memory of N.F. Reimers and F.R. Shtilmark. Permian. 2021, рр. 214–215. (In Russian).
2. Savrasova N.A., Agapov A.D., Savrasova E.E. The problem of increasing noise pollution of the environment. Collection of articles of the III International Research Competition. Petrozavodsk. 2020, pp. 259–268. (In Russian).
3. Kochkin A.A., Ivanova A.V. Reducing noise in rooms during the operation and reconstruction of buildings. Vestnik Vologodskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Tekhnicheskie nauki. 2021. No. 2, pp. 67–69. (In Russian).
4. Ovsyannikov S.N., Leliuga O.V., Gradov V.A. Calculation model of sound and vibration propagation in a building fragment based on the method of statistical energy analysis. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. International Science and Technology Conference “FarEastCon 2019”. 2020. No. 042006.
5. Antonov A.I., Ledenev V.I., Matveeva I.V., Shubin I.L. Raschety shuma pri proektiro-vanii shumozashchity v proizvodstvennykh zdaniyakh [Calculations of noise in the design of noise protection in industrial buildings]. Moscow, Berlin: Direkt-Media. 2020. 274 p. DOI: 10.23681/574372
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8. Kochkin N.A., Shubin I.L., Kochkin A.A. Study of improving of sound insulation of existing enclosures using layered vibration-damped elements. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Tekhnologiya tekstil’noi promyshlennosti. 2019. No. 3, pp. 215–219. (In Russian).
9. Boganik A.G. Effective structures for additional sound insulation of premises. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2004. No. 10, pp. 18–19. (In Russian).
10. Beranek L., Work G. Sound transmission through multiple structures containing flexible blankets. Journal of Acoustical Society of America. 1949. № 21, pp. 419–28.
11. Dym C.L., Lang M.A. Transmission of sound through sandwich panels. Journal of Acoustical Society of America. 1974. № 56, рр. 1525–32.
12. Moore J. A., Lyon R. H.Sound transmission loss characteristics of sandwich panel constructions. Journal of Acoustical Society of America. 1991. № 89, рр. 777–91.
13. Thamburaj P., Sun J. Optimization of Anisotropic Sandwich Beams for Higher Sound Transmission Loss. Journal of Sound and Vibration. 2001. № 254, рр. 23–36.
14. Dijckmans A. Vermeir G., Lauriks W. Sound transmission through finite lightweight multilayered structures with thin air layers. Journal of Acoustical Society of America. 2010. № 128, рр. 13–24.
15. Wawrzynowicz A., Krzaczek M., Tejchman J. Experiments and FE analyses on airbone sound properties of composite structural insulated panels. Archives of acoustics. 2014. № 39, рр. 351–64.