Architects and urban planners have faced the task of changing the main functional orientation of the city quite often over the past 100 years. The most striking examples are the large coastal cities, which historically have been focused on industrial and port functions. Nevertheless, the lifestyle and economy have changed, so cities are obliged to meet new trends in order to maintain their healthy functioning. The reorientation of the seaside city most often goes to the resort and tourist cultural and educational orientation, thus, it is necessary to provide sufficient and comfortable conditions for permanent and temporary residence, to provide a comfortable urban environment with a developed infrastructure without losing one’s own identity and, conversely, demonstrating it in the stylistic and architectural-planning aspect. The search for ways to quickly and competently repurpose a seaside town by improving its appearance, first of all, the coastline, through high-quality offers of new housing formats, is considered. As an example, Sevastopol is considered in detail, where the task of reorienting the city and solving the problem of the shortage of modern housing, permanent and temporary, are the most acute and priority.

D.A. ILICHEVA, architect-specialist, researcher, engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Moscow Institute of Architecture (State Academy) (11/4, bldg. 1, str. 4, Rozhdestvenka Street, 107031, Moscow, Russian Federation)

1. Anisimov L.U Principles of the formation of the architecture of an adaptable home. Diss... Candidate of Architecture. Moscow. 2009. 210 p. (In Russian).
2. Artyukhov V.M., Litcom k moru (Sost. Kuzmina V.G.) [Facing the sea. (Comp. Kuzmina V.G.)]. Simferopol. 1982. 41–56 p.
3. Hertzberg L.Ya. The quality of the urban environment: problems of design and implementation. Gradostroitelstvo [Urban planning]. Moscow. 2013. No. 1, pp. 28–32, No. 2, pp. 29–33. (In Russian).
4. Ikonnikov A.V. Prostranstvo I forma v arhitekture i gradostroitelstve [Space and form in architecture and urban planning]. Moscow: KomKniga. 2006. 349 p.
5. Kilesso S.K. Arhitektura Kryma [Architecture of the Crimea]. Kiev: Budivelnik. 1983. 95 p.
6. Kuleshova G.I. Development of innovation centers and transformation of the urban environment as complementary resources. Vestnik of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2013. No. 7. Vol. 83, pp. 626–638. (In Russian). DOI: 10.7868/S0869587313070074
7. Lobodanova D.L. Komfortnost sredy kak factor innovacionnogo razvitia goroda [Comfort of the environment as a factor of innovative development of the city]. Moscow: Publishing house “Delo”. 2013. 180 p.
8. Novikov A.A., Novikova A.M. Physico-geographical and socio-economic aspects of the formation of functional zones of Sevastopol. Geopolitika i ekogeodinamika regionov. V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. 2014. Vol. 10. No. 2, pp. 675–680. (In Russian).
9. Pilyavsky V.I. Istoria russkoi arhitektury [History of Russian architecture]. St. Petersburg: Stroyizdat. 1983. 600 p.
10. Khomyakov A.I. The Forgotten memorial: a monument that passed through the city. Academia. Arhitektura i stroitelstvo [Academia. Architecture and construction]. 2016. No. 2, pp. 52–57. (In Russian)
11. Khromov Yu. B. Planirovochnaya organizacia rekreacionnyh zon ordyha v gorodah i gruppovyh sistemah rasselenia [Planning organization of recreational recreation areas in cities and group settlement systems]. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1976. 329 p.
12. Chikin A.M. Savastopol. Istoriko-literaturnyi spravochnik [Sevastopol. Historical and literary reference]. Sevastopol: Veber. 2008. 400 p.
13. Shavshin V.G. Kamennaya letopis Sevastopola [The Stone Chronicle of Sevastopol]. Sevastopol-Kiev: DS Stream. 2003. 384 p.
14. Atkinson R., Moon G. Urban policy in Britain. The City, the State and the Market. London: Macmillan press ltd. 1994. 320 p.
15. Baines J.M. Burton’s St Leonards. Hastings: hastings Museum. 1956. 68 p.
16. Borsay Р., Walton J.K. Resorts and Ports: European Seaside Towns since 1700. Great Britain: MPG Books Group 2011. 240 p.
17. Cannadine D. Lords and Landlords: The Aristocracy and the Towns, 1774–1967. Leicester: Leicester University Press. 1980. 494 p.
18. Ergen M. Sustainable Urbanization. London: IntechOpen. 2016. 344 p.
19. Gehl J. Cities for people. Washington: Island Press; Illustrated edition. 2012. 288 p.
20. Gray F. Designing the seaside: architecture, society and nature. London: Reaktion Books Ltd. 2006. 338 p.
21. Roberts P. Urban Regeneration: a handbook. London: Thousand Oaks, SAGE Publications. 2000. 320 p.
22. Tsukamoto Y., Kaijima M. Designers of the Future: Atelier Bow-Wow. Commonalities of Architecture. Baarn: TU Delft. 2016. 40 p.

The architecture of the high-tech style is considered on the example of private residential buildings in Europe, Asia and Russia. At present, in the world architecture, high-tech continues to play a significant role in the design and construction of private residential buildings. The latest materials and technologies are still used in construction and design. By applying the method of comparative analysis, it is possible to identify the features of the architecture of private residential buildings. It has been determined that high-tech forms have ceased to be used as purely iconic, decorative additions in shaping and have become utilitarian-functional and technical elements (ventilation shafts, chimneys, volumes of stairs, elevators, solar panels, wind generators, a metal frame in the form of support-pipes, special avant-garde design of lamps), which in its appearance clearly demonstrates the use of high-tech solutions. High-tech of private residential buildings opposes uniformity, seriality and stands for a bright individuality in architecture.

O.V. TEREBIKINA, Magister, Postgraduate Student, Department of Architectural Design (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (65, Ilinskaya Street, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russian Federation)

1. Ikonnikov A.V. Arkhitektura XX veka [Architecture of the XX century. Utopias and reality]. Vol. 2. Moscow: Progress-Traditsiya. 2002. 492 p.
2. Azizyan I.A. Ocherki istorii teorii arkhitektury novogo i noveyshego vremeni [Essays on the history of the theory of architecture of modern and contemporary times]. Saint-Peterburg: Kolo. 2009. 546 p.
3. Benem R. A House is not a home. Proyekt International. 2011. No. 26–27, p. 248. (In Russian).
4. Нouses: Extraordinary Living. Phaidon Press. 2019. 48 p.
5. Ganno T. Reyner Banham and the Paradoxes of High Tech. Getty Publications. Los Angeles. 2017. 254 p.
6. McDonald A. High Tech Architecture: A Style Reconsidered. London: The Crowood Press Ltd., 2019. 170 p.
7. Andreaseans S. Shell Structures for Architecture. Form Finding and Optimization. New York: Routledge, 2014. 340 p.
8. Dobritsyna I.V. Ot postmodernizma k nelineynoy arkhitekture [From postmodernism to non-linear architecture]. Moscow: Progress-Traditsiya. 2004. 448 p.

The viscosity coefficient is used to calculate the settlement of frozen soils and ice caused by their ductile-viscous flow at a constant speed under the action of prolonged loads. The main (standard) method for determining the viscosity coefficient is uniaxial compression. When using other methods, it is important to ensure their maximum invariance with respect to the main method. One of the ways to solve this problem is to develop models and analytical solutions that take into account the influence of the type of test on the obtained viscosity coefficient. Most test methods are characterized by an axisymmetric stress state of the soil. Based on the solution of A. Nadai, a model of an isotropic incompressible viscous medium has been developed that describes in polar coordinates the relations between the components of normal stresses and the rates of relative linear deformations at a polar symmetric stress distribution. Analysis of the behavior of the model sample under uniaxial and triaxial compression made it possible to propose an approach for determining the viscosity coefficient according to the data of triaxial tests.

O.N. ISAEV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

NIIOSP named after N.M. Gersevanov, JSC “Research Center of Constreuction” (59, Ryazansky Prospect, Moscow, 109428, Russian Federation)

1. Roman L.T. Mexanika merzlyh gruntov [Mechanics of frozen soils]. Moscow: Nauka/Interperiodika. 2002. 426 p.
2. Xrustalev L.N. Osnovy geotexniki v kriolitozone [Basics of geotechnics in cryolithozone]. Moscow: INFRA-M, 2019. 543 p.
3. Geokriologiya. Xarakteristiki i ispol`zovanie vechnoj merzloty [Permafrost Characteristics and Use]. Brushkova A.V.; per. Santaevoj V.A. i Brushkova A.V. Moscow; Berlin: Direkt-Media. 2020. 437 p.
4. Pekarskaya N.K. Prochnost` merzlyh gruntov pri sdvige i ee zavisimost` ot temperatury [Shear strength of frozen soils and its dependence on temperature]. Moscow: AN SSSR. 1963. 108 p.
5. Maslov N.N. Fiziko-texnicheskaya teoriya polzuchesti glinistyx gruntov v praktike stroitel`stva [Physical and technical theory of clay soils creep in construction practice]. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1984. 176 p.
6. Roman L.T., Kotov P.I. Determination of frozen soil viscosity with ball plate. Kriosfera Zemli. 2013. Vol. XVII. No. 4, pp. 30–35. (In Russian).
7. Roman L.T., Kotov P.I. Viscosity of frozen and thawing soils. Osnovaniya, fundamenty i mekhanika gruntov. 2016. No. 1, pp. 16–19. (In Russian).
8. Ter-Martirosyan A.Z., Ermoshina L.S. Experience in determining viscosity of soil on the basis of experimental studies. IOP Сonference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019. 687 (4). DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X987/4/044039
9. Ter-Martirosyan Z., Ter-Martirosyan A., Ermoshina L. Creep of Clayey Soil with Kinematic Shear, Taking into Account Internal Friction, Adhesion and Viscous Resistance. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019. 661 (1). DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/661/1/012095

The results of a study of the efficiency of construction on the former aeration fields (Nekrasovka district, Moscow) of 17-storey panel buildings on the slab foundations are presented. During the construction process and after its completion, the sediment of the constructed buildings was monitored. The result of geomonitoring was compared with the results of design calculations. Comparison of the actual data obtained for several identical 17-storey buildings on sandy soils with the calculated data showed that the value of the actual sediment of large-panel buildings turned out to be 30–65% less. This makes it possible to adjust the calculation of the sediment of the foundations of 17-storey large-panel buildings when constructing on sandy foundations. The phenomena of thixotropy and liquefaction of sandy soils at the base of the foundations of buildings are considered. The causes of vibration subsidence and flowability of sandy soils of the base of panel houses have been established.

M.Yu. ABELEV¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Director (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
I.V. AVERIN², Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), General Director (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
O.V. KOPTEVA³, Engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

¹ Higher School of Economics (National Research University) (20, Myasnitckaya Street, Moscow, 101000, Russian Federation)
² LLC “Inzhenernaya Geologiya”(16, Yartsevskaya Street, Moscow, 121552, Russian Federation)
³ National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)

1. Tratsevskaya E.Yu. Determination of mechanical characteristics of soils according to static sounding data. Dinamicheskie i tekhnologicheskie problemy mekhaniki konstruktsii i sploshnykh sred. 2021. No. 2, pp. 217–219. (In Russian).
2. Boldyrev G.G., Idrisov I.Kh. About classification of soils by cone penetration test. Inzhenernaya geologiya. 2019. Vol. 14. No. 4, pp. 6–23. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.25296/1993-5056-2019-14-4-6-23
3. Djuric D. et al. Possibility of Dynamic Penetrometer Use in Clayey Sandy Soil on Railway Route Zenica-Sarajevo. Tehnički vjesnik. 2022. Vol. 29. No. 2, pp. 676–682.
4. Hu Y., Wang Y. Probabilistic soil classification and stratification in a vertical cross-section from limited cone penetration tests using random field and Monte Carlo simulation. Computers and Geotechnics. 2020. Vol. 124, pp. 103634.
5. Ryzhkov I. B., Isaev O. N. Static sounding of soils – current development trends. Geotekhnika. 2019. Vol. 11. No. 4, pp. 56–67. (In Russian).
6. Yabbarova E.N., Latypov A.I. Clarification of correlation dependencies between static sounding data and deformation-strength characteristics of soils. Izvestiya of the Tomsk Polytechnic University that. Georesource engineering. 2021. Vol. 332. No. 6, pp. 82–89. (In Russian).
7. Abelev M.Yu. Experimental studies of soil deformability characteristics in laboratory and field conditions. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2018. No. 4, pp. 28–32. (In Russian).
8. Isupov I.A., Sazonova S.A. Analysis of field methods for determining the deformation characteristics of bulk soils. Master’s Journal. 2018. No. 1, pp. 81–86.
9. Korolev V.A., Trofimov V.T. Problems of correlation of field and laboratory studies of soils during engineering surveys. Polevye i laboratornye metody issledovaniya gruntov – problemy i resheniya. 2019. No. 2, pp. 5–14. (In Russian).
10. Chunyuk D.Y., Kopteva O.V. Determination of the characteristics of compressed sandy soils by field and laboratory methods. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. IOP Publishing. 2021. Vol. 1928. No. 1. 012026.
11. Shulyatyev O.A. Laboratory studies of the influence of the stress state on the deformation characteristics of sandy soils. Vestnik NITs «Stroitel’stvo». 2019. No. 1, pp. 140–154. (In Russian).
12. Trofimov V.T., Korolev V.A. Arrays of sandy soils as objects of ecological and geological research. Vestnik of Moscow University. Series 4. Geology. 2018. No. 2, pp. 59–65. (In Russian).

In this article, the author proposes a refined method for assessing the gamma-percentage resource by the amount of physical wear of wooden structures. The relationship between relative reliability and physical wear and tear has been established, and a scale of intervals has been proposed to determine the category of technical condition. It is proposed to introduce a detailed gradation of defects and damage to wooden structures, with an interval of physical wear of no more than 5%. An example of such a table for the walls of a building using glued structures is given. The use of the developed methodology makes it possible to more correctly determine the residual resource and service life of wooden structures.

A.G. CHERNYKH, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
D.I. KOROLKOV, Engineer (Post-graduate student) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
E.V. DANILOV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
T.N. KAZAKEVICH, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
P.S. KOVAL, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (4, Vtoraya Krasnoarmeiskaya Street, Saint-Petersburg, 190005, Russian Federation)

1. Rekomendatsii po otsenke nadezhnosti stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy zdaniy i sooruzheniy po vneshnim priznakam [Recommendations for assessing the reliability of building structures of buildings and structures by external signs]. Moscow: TsNIIPromzdaniy. 2001. 100 p.
2. Tsapulina A.V., Kokhalo G.N., Zenin S.A., Petrov A.M. Metodika otsenki ostatochnogo resursa nesushchikh konstruktsiy zdaniy i sooruzheniy: metodicheskiye rekomendatsii [Methods for assessing the residual life of load-bearing structures of buildings and structures: methodological recommendations]. Moscow: Minstroy, 2018. 50 p.
3. Ibragimov A.M., Semenov A.S. Dependence between physical wear and technical condition of elements of housing stock buildings. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 7, pp. 53–55. (In Russian).
4. Tsukanov V.N. Modified method of life for the calculation of physical wear in the mass assessment. Voprosy otsenki. 2013. No. 3 (73), pp. 42–43. (In Russian).
5. Belykh A.V. Methodology for determining the amount of physical deterioration of non-residential buildings for the purposes of mass assessment. Zhurnal pravovykh i ekonomicheskikh issledovaniy. 2013. No. 2, pp. 78–86. (In Russian).
6. Colin MacKenzie Timber service life design. Design guide for durability. Technical Design Guide issued by Forest and Wood Products Australia, 2012.
7. VSN 53-86 (p) Rules for assessing the physical deterioration of residential buildings. Moscow.1988. (In Russian).
8. Khairullin V.A., Salov A.S., Yakovleva L.A., Valishina V.V. Accounting for the amount of physical wear and tear of an object of technical operation when assessing the actual cost of a building. Internet journal “Naukovedenie”. Vol. 7. No. 5 (30). 2015. DOI: 10.15862/219TVN515.
9. Mishchenko V.Ya., Golovinsky P.A., Drapalyuk D.A. Forecasting the rate of deterioration of the housing stock based on monitoring defects in building structures. Scientific Bulletin of the Voronezh State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. Construction and architecture. 2009. No. 4 (16), pp. 111–117. (In Russian).
10. Alekseeva E.L., Khlestkin A.Yu. The study of the patterns of physical wear of the load-bearing structures of buildings in the energy and chemical industries. Nauka i bezopasnost’. 2014. No. 4 (13), pp. 43–47. (In Russian).
11. Vasiliev A.A. Analysis of the existing assessment of the physical wear of structures of buildings and structures. In the collection: OPEN INNOVATION collection of articles of the VIII International Scientific and Practical Conference. Penza. 2019, pp. 36–38. (In Russian).
12. Tararushkin E.V. Application of fuzzy logic to assess the physical wear of the supporting structures of buildings. Vestnik of the Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov. 2016. No. 10, pp. 77–82. DOI: 10.12737/22032 (In Russian).
13. Gordeeva O.G. Calculation and experimental methods for express assessment of physical wear and residual life of buildings and structures. Diss… candidate of sciences (Engineering). Novogorsk, 2002.
14. Koptseva E.P., Lazarev A.N. Brief description of the existing methods for assessing the physical wear of ships. Vestnik of the State University of the Sea and River Fleet. Admiral S.O. Makarova. 2014. No. 1 (23), pp. 49–54. (In Russian).
15. Tamrazyan A.G. The degree of physical depreciation of buildings and structures. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. Vol. 1687. International Conference on Engineering Systems, 2020 14–16 October 2020, Moscow, Russia. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1687/1/012008
16. Kuripta O.V. et al Automation of calculations of physical deterioration of elements of residential buildings. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2021. Vol. 1079. Ch. 1. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1079/2/022007
17. Petrenko L., Manjilevskaja S. Housing operation taking into account obsolescence and physical deterioration. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2017. Vol. 262. International Conference on Construction, Architecture and Technosphere Safety (ICCATS 2017) 21–22 September 2017. Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/262/1/012077.

The modern approach to the spatial placement of medical institutions in the largest cities requires solving problems at the intersection of interdisciplinary research in the field of urban planning, architecture, healthcare, sociology, economics and management. The spatial and demographic growth of cities is outpacing infrastructural transformations. The development of medicine, economic and social changes lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of historically established models of healthcare. The purpose of the study is to develop recommendations on the placement of modern medical institutions for the provision of appropriate and equal medical care, as well as for their optimal spatial placement in conditions of integration into the evolutionarily developed healthcare systems and urban planning of St. Petersburg. The article proposes a periodization of the urban development of the St. Petersburg healthcare system. The trends and problems of the placement of medical facilities at different stages of the development of the city are revealed. Recommendations are given for optimizing approaches to the organization of the medical infrastructure planning system at the present stage.

M.Y. VILENSKII, Cand. Arch. Ass. Prof. (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
B.S. PROVKIN, master’s student of department of urban planning, architect (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (4, Vtoraya Krasnoarmeiskaya Street, Saint-Petersburg, 190005, Russian Federation)

1. Julie Brown, Austin Barber. Social infrastructure and sustainable urban communities. Engineering Sustainability. 2012. March. Vol. 165. Iss. 1, рр. 99–110. https://doi.org/10.1680/ensu.2012.165.1.99
2. Harry H.X. Wang, Jia Ji Wang, Samuel Y.S. Wong, Martin C.S. Wong, Stewart W. Mercer, Sian M. Griffiths. The development of urban community health centers for strengthening primary care in China: a systematic literature review. British Medical Bulletin. 2015. December. Vol. 116, Iss. 1, рр. 139–154.
3. Silvis J. Designing for wellness: the healthcare campus of the future. Healthcare Design Magazine. 2014. URL: https://healthcaredesignmagazine.com/trends/architecture/designing-wellness-healthcare-campus-future/
4. Alkan B. A vision and planning framework for health districts of the future. Perkins+Will. 2014. Vol. 06.02, рр. 57–70. https://perkinswill.com/research-journal-vol-06-02/
5. Burkey M., Bhadury J., Eiselt H. A location-based comparison of health care services in four U.S. states with efficiency and equity. Socio-economic planning sciences: the international journal of public sector of decision-making. 2010. 46, рp. 157–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2012.01.002
6. Niamh Macdonald. The new hospitals building the future of health infrastructure. Hospital Times. 2021. August. https://www.hospitaltimes.co.uk/the-new-hospitals-building-the-future-of-health-infrastructure/
7. Xinyao Song, Mengqiu Cao, Keyu Zhai, Xing Gao, Meiling Wu, Tianren Yang. The effects of spatial planning, well-being, and behavioural changes during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Front. Sustain. Cities. 25 June 2021. https://doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2021.686706
8. Sadia Afrin, Farhat Jahan Crowdhury, Md. Mostafizur Rahman. COVID-19 pandemic: rethinking strategies for resilient urban design, perceptions, and planning. Front. Sustain. Cities. 14 June 2021. https://doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2021.668263
9. Dalia Elgheznawy, Sara Eltarabily. Post-pandemic cities – the impact of COVID-19 on cities and urban design. Architecture Research. 2020. June. 10 (3), рр. 75–84. http://article.sapub.org/10.5923.j.arch.20201003.02.html
10. Khromov B.M., Sveshnikov A.V. Leningrad healthcare. Leningrad, 1969. 206 p.
11. Sementsov S.V. Urban development of St. Petersburg in the 1703–2000. Diss... Doctor of Scienses. (Engineering). Sankt-Peterburg, 2007. 66 p. (In Russian).
12. Gegello A.I. Iz tvorcheskogo opyta: Vozniknovenie i razvitie arkhitekturnogo zamysla [From creative experience. The emergence and development of architectural design]. Leningrad: SPBGASU, 1962. 376 p.
13. Davydova L.O. New approaches in the design of urban development. Vestnik SGASU. Gradostroitel’stvo i arkhitektura. 2012. No. 8, рр. 16–20. (In Russian).
14. Zakieva L.F. Features of the formation of specialized territorial clusters in large-city agglomerations. Izvestiya KGASU. 2016. No. 4 (38), рр. 155–161. (In Russian).
15. Plany S.Peterburga v 1700, 1705, 1725, 1738, 1756, 1777, 1799, 1840 i 1849 godakh, s prilozheniem planov 13 chastei stolitsy 1853 goda [Plans of St. Petersburg in 1700, 1705, 1725, 1738, 1756, 1777, 1799, 1840 and in 1849, with the application of plans for 13 parts of the capital 1853]. Comp. N. Tsylov. Saint Petersburg, 1853. 63 p.
16. Vrachebnye, sanitarnye i blagotvoritel’nye uchrezhdeniya S.-Peterburga [Medical, sanitary and charitable institutions of St. Petersburg]. Saint Petersburg, 1897. 101 p.
17. Plany, ob”yasnyayushchie postepennoe rasprostranenie Sankt-Peterburga [Plans explaining the gradual spread of St. Petersburg]. Saint Petersburg: Ministry of Internal Affairs, 1836. [3] p., [8] L.
18. Gurkina N.K. Sankt-Peterburg: gradostroitel’stvo i arkhitektura 1703–1917 gg. [St. Petersburg: urban planning and architecture 1703–1917]. Saint Petersburg: SPbGUAP, 2001. 72 p.
19. Berdnikova E.F. Development of clusters of medical innovations. Vestnik Kazanskogo Tehnologicheskogo Universiteta. 2013. No. 7, рр. 294–298. (In Russian).
20. Shishkin S.V. Rossiiskoe zdravookhranenie v novykh ekonomicheskikh usloviyakh: vyzovy i perspektivy [Russian healthcare in new economic conditions: challenges and prospects]. Moscow: Izdat. house of the Higher School of Economics, 2017. 84 p.

The issues of calculation and design of bending elements of steel-fiber-reinforced concrete structures with combined reinforcement are considered. The values of coefficients of minimum and maximum reinforcement by longitudinal tensile reinforcement are substantiated. The minimum and maximum coefficients of longitudinal tensile reinforcement were determined both using the diagrams of a rigid-plastic body for compressed and tensioned steel fiber concrete, and for the diagrams proposed in SP 360. It is shown that the value of the minimum reinforcement coefficient depends not only on the compressive strength of steel fiber concrete and residual strength tension, but also on the values of the limiting deformation of steel fiber concrete for compression (ε_fb0) and tension (ε_fbt3). The issues of assigning the filling coefficients of the diagram for compressed and tensioned steel fiber reinforced concrete and their influence on the bearing capacity of bending steel fiber reinforced concrete elements with different reinforcement coefficients of longitudinal tensile reinforcement are discussed. An engineering method for calculating the required cross-sectional area of longitudinal reinforcement is proposed.

V.M. POPOV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
V.V. KONDRATYUK, post-graduate student (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (4, Vtoraya Krasnoarmeiskaya Street, Saint-Petersburg, 190005, Russian Federation)

1. Morozov V.I., Opbul E.K. Calculation of bent steel-reinforced concrete elements according to a nonlinear deformation model using experimental diagrams of deformation of steel-reinforced concrete. Vestnik grazhdanskikh inzhenerov. 2016. No. 5 (58), pp. 51–55. (In Russian).
2. Opbul E.K., Dmitriev D.A., Vedernikova A.A. Nonlinear iterative strength calculation of steel-reinforced concrete elements using experimental diagrams of deformation of materials. Vestnik grazhdanskikh inzhenerov. 2017. No. 1 (60), pp. 79–91. (In Russian).
3. Opbul E.K., Dmitriev D.A. Calculation of the strength of prestressed structures based on a nonlinear deformation2 model on the example of a multi-hollow floor slab of non-formwork technology. Vestnik grazhdanskikh inzhenerov. 2019. No. 6 (77), pp. 93–110. (In Russian).
4. Aleksey Pavlov, Aleksey Khegay, Tatiana Khegay. Analysis of bending steel fiber reinforced concrete elements with a stress-strain model. Architecture and Engineering. 2020. Vol. 5. Iss. 3, pp. 14–19. (In Russian).
5. Mukhamediev T.A. Calculation of the strength of bendable fiber-concrete structures by the method of marginal forces. Stroitel’naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzhenii. 2016. No. 5, pp. 12–18. (In Russian).
6. Mukhamediev T.A., Sokolov B.S. New in the rationing of steel-fiber concrete and calculations of steel-fiber concrete structures. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction materials]. 2017. No. 4, pp. 59-64. (In Russian).
7. Mukhamediev T.A. On the issue of calculation of fibro-concrete structures. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2017. No. 1, pp. 16–20. (In Russian).
8. Popov V.M., Suvorov I.V. Some features of the calculation of bent elements made of steel-fiber concrete with combined reinforcement. Vestnik grazhdanskikh inzhenerov. 2014. No. 3 (44), pp. 88–91. (In Russian).
9. Popov V.M., Sapunova A.A. Investigation of the stress-strain state of fiber-reinforced concrete elements of a trapezoidal profile with combined reinforcement. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2015. No. 9, pp. 15–20. (In Russian).
10. Sokolov B.S., Mukhamediev T.A. Design of steel-fiber concrete structures in the manual for SP 360.1325800.2017. Vestnik NITs «Stroitel’stvo». 2020. No. 1 (24), pp. 98–107. (In Russian).

The article is devoted to the computational part of the general methodology for designing the composition of a concrete mixture, taking into account the plasticity characteristics that are important in the technology of formless molding. On the basis of mathematical dependencies obtained as a result of theoretical and experimental studies, systems of equations are proposed, the solution of which is the consumption of raw components in the composition of the concrete mixture. To solve systems of equations, a computer program has been developed making it possible to obtain a solution by brute force method.

Yu.V. PUKHARENKO^1,2, Corresponding Member of RAACS, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Professor (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
G.M. KHRENOV^1,2, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

¹ Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (4, Vtoraya Krasnoarmeiskaya Street, Saint-Petersburg, 190005, Russian Federation)
² Research Institute of Building Physics, Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences (21, Lokomotivnyi proezd, Moscow, 127238, Russian Federation)

1. Utkin V.V., Chumerin Yu.N. Sovremennaya tekhnologiya stroitel’noy industrii [Modern technology of the construction industry]. Moscow: Russkiy izdatel’skiy dom. 2008. 100 p.
2. Kopsha S.P., Zaikin V.A. Formless molding technology is the key to modernizing the industry and reducing the cost of housing. Tekhnologii betonov. 2013. No. 11, pp. 29–33. (In Russian).
3. Selyaev V.P., Utkina V.N. Reinforced concrete structures made by formless molding: reliability assessment, application experience. Tekhnologii betonov. 2011. No. 5–6. pp. 45–47. (In Russian).
4. Ryzhov D.I. The use of nanomodified additives for reinforced concrete products Stroitel’nye materialy i izdeliya. 2015. No. 6 (53), pp. 146–150. (In Russian).
5. Chandra P.S., Tay Yi Wei Daniel, Tan Ming Jen et al. Fresh and hardened properties of 3D printable cementitious materials for building and construction. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering. 2018. Vol. 18. Iss. 1, pp. 311–319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acme.2017.02.008
6. Jayathilakage R., Rajeev P., Sanjayan J. Yield stress criteria to assess the buildability of 3D concrete printing. Construction and Building Materials. 2020. Vol. 240. 117989. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117989
7. Khalil N., Aouad G., Rémond S. et al. Use of calcium sulfoaluminate cements for setting control of 3D-printing mortars. Construction and Building Materials. 2017. Vol. 157, pp. 382–391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.09.109
8. Britvina E.A., Shvedova M.A., Slavcheva G.S., Artamonova O.V. Influence of viscosity modifiers on the kinetics of curing mixtures for construction body 3D printing. Molodye uchenye – razvitiyu natsional’noy tekhnologicheskoy initsiativy (poisk). 2020. No. 1, pp. 46–48.
9. Slavcheva G.S., Ibryaeva A.I. Influence of the concentration and granulometry of fillers on the rheological properties of cement systems. Vestnik Tverskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. Seriya: Stroitel’stvo. Elektrotekhnika i khimicheskie tekhnologii. 2019. No. 2 (2), pp. 29–36. (In Russian).
10. Slavcheva G.S., Britvina E.A., Ibryaeva A.I. Building 3D printing: an operational method for monitoring the rheological characteristics of mixtures. Vestnik of the Engineering School of the Far Eastern Federal University. 2019. No. 4 (41). pp. 134–143. (In Russian).
11. Pukharenko Yu.V., Khrenov G.M. Tasks of technological mechanics in the development of non-formwork molding methods. Vestnik grazhdanskikh inzhenerov. 2017. No. 6 (65), pp. 152–157. DOI: 10.23968/1999-5571-2017-14-6-152-157. (In Russian).
12. Khrenov G.M. Method for determining the plasticity of concrete mixtures. Vestnik grazhdanskikh inzhenerov. 2018. No. 2 (67), pp. 147–154. DOI: 10.23968/1999-5571-2018-15-2-147-154. (In Russian).
13. Khrenov G.M., Morozov V.I., Zhavoronkov M.I., Petrova T.M. The role of filler in the formation of plastic properties of concrete mixtures. Vestnik grazhdanskikh inzhenerov. 2021. No. 5 (88), pp. 119–125. DOI: 10.23968/1999-5571-2021-18-5-119-125. (In Russian).
14. Khrenov G.M. Increasing the ultimate tensile strength of concrete mixtures with the help of plasticizing additives. Actual problems of modern construction: Collection of scientific works of students, graduate students and young scientists. In 2 parts. St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg State University of Architec-ture and Civil Engineering. 2020, pp. 227–236. (In Russian).
15. Khrenov G.M. Influence of the volume fraction of cement paste on the plasticity of the concrete mixture. Architecture – construction – transport: Proceedings of the 74th scientific conference of the faculty and graduate students of the university. In 2 parts. St. Petersburg. October 3–5, 2018, pp. 138–141.
16. Khrenov G.M. Modeling of the plastic properties of the concrete mix. Izvestiya of the Kazan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. 2021. No. 1 (55), pp. 49–57. DOI: 10.52409/20731523_2021_1_49. (In Russian).
17. Khrenov G.M. Increasing the ultimate elongation of concrete mixtures with the help of plasticizing additives. Actual problems of modern construction: Collection of scientific papers of students, graduate students and young scientists. In 2 parts. St. Petersburg. 2020, pp. 227–236. (In Russian).
18. Khrenov G.M., Roerich A.V. Dispersed reinforcement as a possible tool for regulating the plasticity of concrete mixtures. Security of the building stock in Russia problems and solutions: materials of the International Academic Readings. Kursk, November 15, 2019, pp. 45–53. (In Russian).
19. Khrenov G.M., Roerich A.V. Development of the composition of fiber-reinforced concrete mixture of increased plasticity. Resursoenergoeffektivnye tekhnologii v stroitel’nom komplekse regiona. 2020. No. 1 (12), pp. 108–118. (In Russian).
20. Bazhenov Yu.M. Tekhnologiya betonov [Concrete technology]. Moscow: ASV. 2007. 528 p.

A description and definition of delamination – the limiting state inherent for structures reinforced with external fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) is presented. The relevance of accounting for detachment when designing is justified. The process of numerical simulation of testing a bent reinforced concrete element strengthened with an external FRP laminate is described. Particular attention is paid to the task of contact between the FRP and concrete. A study of the influence of the geometric characteristics of the FRP (width, thickness and cross-sectional area) on the interfacial stresses in fiber reinforced polymer and concrete at their interface is conducted.

A.D. DENISOVA, Postgraduate Student (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
A.S. SHEKHOVTSOV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
Yu.S. APPOLONOVA, Engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (4, Vtoraya Krasnoarmeiskaya Street, Saint-Petersburg, 190005, Russian Federation)

1. Воронков В.Р. Железобетонные конструкции с листовой арматурой. Л.: Стройиздат, 1975. 145 с.
1. Voronkov V.R. Zhelezobetonnye konstruktsii s listovoi armaturoi [Reinforced concrete structures with sheet reinforcement]. L.: Stroyizdat. 1975. 145 p.
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2. Rzhanitsyn A.R. Sostavnye sterzhni i plastinki [Composite rods and plates]. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1986. 316 p.
3. Spadea G., Swamy R.N., Bencardino F. Strength and ductility of rc beams repaired with bonded CFRP laminates. Journal of Bridge Engineering. Vol. 9. 2001, pp. 349–355. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2001)6:5(349)
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5. Khair Al-Deen Bsisu, Yasser Hunaiti, Raja Younes. Flexural ductility behavior of strengthened reinforced concrete beams using steel and CFRP plates. Jordan Journal of Civil Engineering. 2012. Iss. 3. Vol. 6, pp. 304–312.
6. Bonacci J.F., Maalej M. Behavioral trends of RC beams strengthened with externally bonded FRP. Journal of Composites for Construction. 2001. Vol. 5, pp. 102–113. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2001)5:2(102)
7. Sergio F. Brena, Beth M. Macri. Effect of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer laminate configuration on the behavior of strengthened reinforced concrete beams. Journal of Composites for Construction. 2004. Vol. 8., pp. 229–240. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2004)8:3(229)
8. Marco Arduini, Antonio Nanni. Behavior of precracked rc beams strengthened with carbon FRP sheets. Journal of Composites for Construction. 1997. Vol. 1, pp. 63–70. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(1997)1:2(63)
9. Hamid Rahimi, Allan Hutchinson. Concrete beams strengthened with externally bonded FRP plates. Journal of Composites for Construction. 2001. Iss. 1. Vol. 5, pp. 44–56. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2001)5:1(44)
10. Timothy W. White, Khaled A. Soudki, Marie-Anne Erki. Response of RC beams strengthened with CFRP laminates and subjected to a high rate of loading. Journal of Composites for Construction. 2001. Iss. 3. Vol. 5, pp. 153–162. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2001)5:3(153)
11. Piotr Rusinowski, Björn Täljsten. Intermediate crack induced debonding in concrete beams strengthened with CFRP plates – an experimental study. Advances in Structural Engineering. 2009. Iss. 6. Vol. 12, pp. 793–806. https://doi.org/10.1260%2F136943309790327699
12. Nabil F. Grace., Wael F. Ragheb. Strengthening of concrete beams using innovative ductile fiber-reinforced polymer fabric. ACI Structural Journal. 2002. Vol. 99 (5). September, pp. 692–700.
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Some modern buildings and structures may have non-standard architectural and planning solutions: complex shapes in plan and height, sections with different storeys, underground space with different depths of laying, unequal distances between load-bearing elements, overlaps at different elevations, etc. All these features lead to uneven transfer of loads to the foundations and the formation of local areas where edge stresses and deformations are concentrated. If, at the same time, the engineering and geological conditions of the site are represented by weak soils of considerable capacity (15–20 m or more), then the most optimal foundation will be a pile field with a solid grillage plate. The bearing capacity and deformations of a pile field with a solid grillage plate are largely determined by the characteristics of the bearing layer of the soil under the heel of the piles, the rigidity of the piles and the distribution of loads from the structure. These parameters, in turn, depend on the choice of the bearing layer of soil under the heel of the piles, the geometric parameters of the pile field (length, diameter, pitch of the piles) and the structural features of the building. This article presents the sequence of foundation design for a building with complex architecture and loads in order to obtain the most optimal distribution of forces and deformations in a pile field.

V.V. KONYUSHKOV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (4, Vtoraya Krasnoarmeiskaya Street, Saint-Petersburg, 190005, Russian Federation)

1. Il’ichev V.A. Mangushev R.A. Spravochnik geotehnika. Osnovaniya, fundamenti i podzemnie sooruzeniya [Geotechnics Reference Book. Foundations, foundations and underground structures]. Moscow: ASV. 2016. 1031 p.
2. Mangushev R.A., Ershov A.V., Osokin A.I. Sovremennie svainye technologii [Modern pile technologies]. Moscow: ASV. 2010. 240 p.
3. Mangushev R.A., Konyushkov V.V., Dyakonov I.P. Analysis of the practical application of screw-down stuffed piles. Osnovaniya, fundamwnty i Mechanika gruntov. 2014. No. 5, pp. 11–16. (In Russian).
4. Mangushev R.A., Osokin A.I., Konyushkov V.V., Dyakonov I.P., Danko S.V. Proektirovanie osnovaniy, fundamentov I podzemnikh sooruzheniy [Projecting of bases, foundations and underground structures]. Moscow: ASV. 2021. 632 p.
5. Kok-Kwang Phoon, Jianye Ching. Risk and Reliability in geotechnical engineering. London. New York. CRC Press. Taylor and Francis group. 2015. 594 р.
6. Kun Song, Lu Gongda, Zhang Guodong, Liu Yiliang, 2017. Influence of uncertainty in the initial groundwater table on long term stability of reservoir landslides. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment. Official Journal of the International Association for Engineering Geology and the Environment. 2017. No. 3, pp. 901–908.
7. Roger A. Failmezger, Paul J. Bullock, Richard L. Handy. Site variability, risk and beta. Proceedings ISC-2 on Geotechnical and Geophysical Site Characterization, Viana da Fonseca & Mayne (eds.). Rotterdam: Millpres. 2004, pp. 913–920.
8. Shulyatyev O. A. Osnovaniya i fundamenty vysotnyh zdanii [Bases and foundations of high-rise buildings]. Moscow: ASV. 2016. 392 p.
9. Shulyatyev O.A., Mozgachyova O.A., Pospehov V.S. Osvoenie podzemnogo prostranstva gorodov [Development of underground space of cities]. Moscow|: ASV. 2017. 510 p.
10. Filippov N.B., Spiridonov M.A., Bakharev T.S. and others. Geologicheskii Atlas Sankt-Peterburga [Geological Atlas of St. Petersburg]. Saint Petrsburg: Comme il faut, 2009. 57 p.
11. Dashko R.E., Aleksandrova O.Yu., Kotyukov P.V., Shidlovskaya A.V. Features of engineering-geological conditions of St. Petersburg. Razvitie gorodov i geotekhnicheskoe stroitel’stvo. 2011. No. 13, pp. 25–71. (In Russian).
12. Vladimir Konyushkov, Van Trong Le. Side friction of sandy and clay soils and their resistance under the toe of deep bored piles (at a depth of up to 100 m). Architecture and Engineering. 2020. Vol. 5. Iss. 1, pp. 36–44.

The article presents the results of a study of the urban space of a small city in the Kaliningrad region. Some architectural and town-planning features of the historical center of Chernyakhovsk are analyzed. Such components as functional zoning, landscape framework, historical and architectural heritage are also considered. The analysis of each component was carried out at two urban planning levels: the territory of the city, the territory of the historical center. The assessment of the town-planning situation and the architectural and spatial organization of the historical center is given, the main functional nodes and the most significant objects are identified. The planning structure and spatial solution of residential and industrial territories are revealed. The features and historical development of the existing urban landscaping system and its main types are considered. The location of cultural heritage objects is analyzed, their significance, quantity and degree of preservation are determined. The list of preserved architectural monuments (federal and regional significance) located on the territory of Chernyakhovsk is given. The urban planning problems of three directions are revealed: problems of architecture and design of the urban environment, landscape and recreational problems, problems of cultural heritage objects. For the most complete disclosure of the subject of the article, graphical diagrams are given demonstrating the above stages of the study.

D.A. REPA, Architect (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering(4, Vtoraya Krasnoarmeiskaya Street, Saint-Petersburg, 190005, Russian Federation)

1. Baraboshina N.V. Small towns of Russia: how to stay in history. Yaroslavskii pedagogicheskii vestnik. 2012. No. 3 (1), pp. 253–256. (In Russian).
2. Baldandorzhiev Zh.B. Small towns: typology and classification in the context of cultural heritage (on the example of small towns in Eastern Transbaikalia). Gumanitarnyi vektor. 2011. No. 3. (27), pp. 112–119. (In Russian).
3. Buldakov N.B. Problems and prospects of development of small towns in Russia. Vestnik Shadrinskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo instituta. 2011. No. 1 (10), pp. 167–169. (In Russian).
4. Cherenkov M. The heritage of the Kaliningrad region. The birthplace of two Russian dynasties. Rossiya. Nasledie: federal’nyi mul’timediinyi proekt. 2016. No. 2, pp. 76–85. (In Russian).
5. Repa D.A. Features of the urban development of Insterburg – Chernyakhovsk (Kaliningrad region). New ideas of the new century: materials of the International scientific conference. Khabarovsk. 2019. Vol. 2, pp. 227–232.
6. Ventsel’ Yu., Kunitskaya N., Styazhkina V.V. Kontseptsiya rekonstruktsii ulitsy Lenina v gorode Chernyakhovske [The concept of reconstruction of Lenin Street in the city of Chernyakhovsk]. Berlin, Sankt-Peterburg. 2013. 88 p.
7. Krasnoshchekova N.S. Formirovanie prirodnogo karkasa v general’nykh planakh gorodov [Formation of a natural framework in the master plans of cities]. Moscow: Arkhitektura-S. 2010. 183 p.
8. Popov I.V. Cultural Chernyakhovsk. Nadroviya: istoriko-kraevedcheskii zhurnal. 2004. No. 5, pp. 13–14. (In Russian).
9. Herrmann C. Mittelalterliche Architektur im Preuβenland: Untersuchungen zur Frage der Kunstlandschaft und – geographie [Medieval architecture in Prussia: studies on the question of artistic landscape and geography]. Petersberg: Michael Imhof Verlag. 2007. 816 p.
10. Weise Hg.E. Handbuch der Historischen Stätten. Ost- und Westpreussen [Handbook of Historical Sites. East and West Prussia]. Stuttgart: Kröner. 1981. 284 p.
11. Kulemzin A.M. Innovations and traditions in the preservation of cultural heritage. Vestnik Kemerovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2015. No.  1–3 (61), pp. 52–55. (In Russian).
12. Lysova N.Yu. Small historical city: cultural parameters and current problems. Regionologiya. 2008. No. 2, pp. 357–359. (In Russian).

At present, in order to protect the construction market from falcified products, it is proposed to introduce strict regulatory measures by amending the legislation on technical regulation and expanding the list of products subject to mandatory conformity assessment. However, the introduction of new measures of influence by the state may lead to the opposite effect, since mandatory certification in modern market conditions is a rather burdensome procedure. At the same time, one of the proposed directions of modernization of the construction control system will provide support to bona fide manufacturers of building materials. So, focusing attention on the entrance control procedures, it is necessary to pay special attention to the problem of the absence of a complete package of accompanying documents or their forgery (falsification). The solution of this issue will be facilitated by the development of clearer requirements contained in SP 48.13330.2019 “Code of Rules. Organization of Construction”, and provisions on simultaneous digital marking of shipping documents. Such an approach will stimulate an increase in the “transparency” of the construction products market, develop fair competition, and meet modern challenges in the field of digital transformation of the industry. Taken together, the proposed measures will ensure a reduction in the volume of falsification in the construction market. At the same time, as a result of the multiplicative effect, a “reset” of the certification market is also predicted, which is currently characterized by a low level of confidence on the part of the professional community both in the conformity assessment procedures themselves and in their results (especially in the form of voluntary certificates).

Yu.V. PUKHARENKO, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Corresponding Member of RAACS (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
V.D. STAROVEROV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), Advisor of RAACS(Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
A.L. DMITRIEV, Engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering(4, Vtoraya Krasnoarmeiskaya Street, Saint-Petersburg, 190005, Russian Federation)

1. Baburin V.V., Boyko O.A., Panov S.L. Turnover of counterfeit building materials: determinants and counteraction measures. Yuridicheskaya nauka i pravoohranitel’naya praktika. 2016. No. 1 (35), pp. 128–133. (In Russian).
2. Vasiliev V.A., Alexsandrov S.V. Digital technologies in quality management. Izvestiya Tul’skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Tekhnicheskie nauki. 2020. No. 10, pp. 35–41. (In Russian).
3. Desyatko E.N., Staroverov V.D,, Gerasimenko A.A., Mazneva K.Y. Criteria for assessing the quality of building materials used in the overhaul of apartment buildings. Vestnik grazhdanskih inzhenerov. 2020. No. 2 (79), pp. 264–271. DOI: 10.23968/1999-5571-2020-17-2-264-271 (In Russian).
4. Quality control: digital solutions and an integrated approach. Novyj oboronnyj zakaz. Strategii. 2020. No. 4 (63). https://dfnc.ru/arhiv-zhurnalov/2020-4-63/kontrol-kachestva-tsifrovye-resheniya-i-kompleksnyj-podhod/ (Date of access 15.11.2021). (In Russian).
5. Mazneva K.Y. Zholobova E.V., Sidorova A.S., Markova K.A., Staroverov V.D. Problems of functioning and prospects for the development of certification in construction. Vestnik grazhdanskih inzhenerov. 2021. No. 5 (88), pp. 109–118. DOI: 10.23968/1999-5571-2021-18-5-109-118 (In Russian).
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