The relevance of the study is related to the need to ensure the safety of human life and building structures of the building and the presence of significantly different approaches to solving the problem of cooling the premises in emergency modes. The subject of the study is the time dependences for lowering the internal temperature in buildings when the heat supply is turned off by the heat supply system in an emergency situation in conditions of a sharp cold snap. The purpose of the study is to assess the reliability of each variant of such dependence and to identify the scope of their applicability. The objective of the study is to compare the behavior of indoor temperature according to different methods and, if necessary, to search for correction coefficients that ensure the best agreement of the results. A combination of approximate analytical and numerical finite-difference methods for solving differential equations of unsteady thermal conductivity in an array of room fences is used, allowing to establish a connection between the basic geometric and thermal parameters of enclosing structures with the rate of cooling of rooms at various points in time. A comparison of two solutions to the problem under consideration is presented – with an exponential decrease in excess internal temperature based on an analogy with the regular cooling regime of a solid and a refined, fair for the initial moments of time, taking into account the peculiarities of the propagation of a temperature wave in massive enclosures. The scope of applicability of each of the solutions is revealed and corrections for the first variant are obtained, ensuring the most accurate coincidence of the results given by them with calculations according to the computer program developed by the author. The presentation is illustrated with numerical and graphical examples.

O.D. SAMARIN, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)

1. Malyavina E.G. Calculation of the rate of cooling of a room after turning off the heat supply. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel ‘stvo. 2015. No. 2, pр. 55–58. (In Russian).
2. Doroshenko A.V. Simulation thermodynamic model of the building. BST: Byulleten’ stroitel’noy tekhniki. 2017. No. 12, pp. 42–43. (In Russian).
3. Rafalskaya T. Safety of engineering systems of buildings with limited heat supply. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2021, pр. 012049.
4. Rafalskaya T.A. Simulation of thermal characteristics of heat supply systems in variable operating modes. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. XXXV Siberian Thermophysical Seminar, STS 2019. 2019, pр. 012140.
5. Latif M., Nasir A. Decentralized stochastic control for building energy and comfort management. Journal of Building Engineering. 2019. Vol. 24, pр. 100739.
6. Serale G., Capozzoli A., Fiorentini M., Bernardini D., Bemporad A. Model predictive control (MPC) for enhancing building and HVAC system energy efficiency: problem formulation, applications and opportunities. Energies. 2018. Vol. 11. No. 3, pр. 631.
7. Ryzhov A., Ouerdane H., Gryazina E., Bischi A., Turitsyn K. Model predictive control of indoor microclimate: existing building stock comfort improvement. Energy Conversion and Management. 2019. Vol. 179, pр. 219–228.
8. Bogoslovsky V.N. Stroitel’naya teplofizika [Building thermal physics]. Saint Petersburg: AVOK SEVERO-ZAPAD, 2006. 400 p. (In Russian).
9. Samarin O.D. The calculation of cooling of building in emergency conditions to ensure reliability of their heating. Vestnik MGSU. 2019. Vol. 14. No. 4 (127), pр. 496–501. (In Russian).
10. Samarin O.D., Klochko A.K. Chislennye i priblizhennye metody v zadachakh stroitel’noi teplofiziki i klimatologii [Numerical and approximate methods in problems of construction thermal physics and climatology]. Moscow: MISI-MGSU, 2021. 96 p. (In Russian).

The concept of the pedagogical method of training an architect, formed in the architectural school of the Moscow Institute of Architecture (MARKHI), is described. The methods and approaches of some outstanding teachers of the MARKHI, who formed the basic principles and methods of training architects and which the author is guided by throughout his pedagogical activity, are presented. The main, fundamental principles that unite the methods of teaching the art of architecture are to lay the foundations for spatial thinking, architectural composition and figurative vision, which are so necessary in the profession of an architect, to teach how to work both independently and in a team, to respect the opinions of colleagues, to accept criticism.

I.A. PROKOFIEVA, Candidate of Architecture (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Moscow Institute of Architecture (State Academy of Architecture) – MARKHI (11, Rozhdestvenka Street, Moscow, 107031, Russian Federation)

1. Goldsamt E.A., Shvidkovsky O.A. Gradostroitel’naya kul’tura evropeiskikh sotsialisticheskikh stran [Urban planning culture of European socialist countries]. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1985. 479 p.
2. Pronin E.S., Stepanov A.V. Advantages of comprehensive education in higher education. Arkhitektura SSSR. 1981. No. 3. (In Russian).
3. Pronin E.S., Stepanov A.V., Sokolov Yu.N. The creative path of an architectural university. Arkhitektura SSSR. 1983. No. 11. (In Russian).
4. Pronin E.S. Teoreticheskie osnovy arkhitekturnoi kombinatoriki. Spetsial’nost’ “Arkhitektura” [Theoretical foundations of architectural combinatorics. Specialty “Architecture”]. Moscow: Architecture-C, 2004. 232 p.
5. Prokofieva I.A. Kozlov M.T. – architect, teacher of the MARCHI. Science, Education and Experimental Design-2019. Moscow: MARKHI. 2019, pp. 348–349.
6. Prokofieva I.A. A.V. Ryabushin – master i velikii uchitel’. Sovremennaya arkhitektura mira [A.V. Ryabushin is a master and a great teacher. Modern architecture of the world]. 2013. Moscow: NIITIAG RAASN. Saint Petersburg: Nestor-Istoriya. 2013, pp. 32–34.
7. Prokofieva I.A. Sovremennaya metodologiya arkhitekturnogo analiza [Modern methodology of architectural analysis]. Moscow: Print-Service, 2012. 118 p.
8. Prokofieva I.A. Underground construction: public and commercial buildings of the XIX–XXI centuries. in the historical center of Moscow. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2022. No. 9, pp. 39–46. (In Russian).
9. Ryabushin. A.V. Novye gorizonty arkhitekturnogo tvorchestva 1970–1980-e gody [New horizons of architectural creativity in the 1970s–1980s]. Moscow: Stroyizdat, 1990. 396 p.
10. Ryabushin A.V. Arkhitektory rubezha tysyacheleti [Architects of the turn of the millennium]. Moscow: Iskusstvo XXI vek. 2010. 432 p.
11. Prokofieva I.A., Khait V.L. Moscow passages – yesterday, today, tomorrow. Tradition and modernity. Architectura I stroitelstvo Moskvy. 2001. No. 1, pp. 18–23. (In Russian).
12. Prokofieva I.A. Ilyinka. Architectura I stroitelstvo Moskvy. 2010. Vol. 549. No. 1, pp. 32–50. (In Russian).
13. Prokofieva I.A. Gostiny yard. History and modernity. Academia. Architectura I Stroitelstvo. 2010. No. 1, pp. 41–46. (In Russian).
14. Prokofieva I.A. From the history of urban planning. The first Moscow passages. Architectura I Stroitelstvo Moskvy. 1999. № 6, pp. 44–48. (In Russian).

The periods of formation of the network of cities, fortresses, ports and trading posts of the Tauride (Crimean) peninsula are given. The period of evolution of the Crimean space is considered since the time of the ancient Pontic State of Tsar Mithridates Eupator VI. The periods of the positioning of Taurica as a province of the Roman, and later the Byzantine and Ottoman Empires are highlighted. The emphasis is placed on the positioning of Russian influence in Taurica, associated with Prince Oleg’s campaign to Constantinople. Analyzing the formation of the Crimean city network, the author comes to the conclusion that the cities of the Ottoman domain, where the Christian population lived, remained outside the jurisdiction of the Turkish Sultan and the Crimean khans. At the same time, there was no single owner of the peninsula until the middle of the XVI century, when the Turks began to actively build their fortresses on this territory, fearing the growing power of the Moscow State.

P.V. PANUKHIN, Candidate of Architecture (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Moscow Institute of Architecture (State Academy) – MARKHI (11, Rozhdestvenka Street, 107031, Moscow, Russian Federation)

1. Artamonov M.I. Istoriya khazar [History of the Khazars]. Leningrad: Nauka. 1976. 342 p.
2. Dombrovsky O.I., Makhneva O.A. Stolitsa feodoritov [The capital of the Feodorites]. Simferopol: Tavria. 1973. 364 p.
3. Drachuk V.S., Kara Ya.B., Chelyshev Yu.B. Kerkinitida – Gezlev – Evpatoriya [Kerkinitida – Gezlev – Yevpatoria]. Simferopol: Tavria. 1977. 212 p.
4. Kogonashvili K.K., Makhneva O.A. Aluston i Funa (Ser.: Arkheologicheskie pamyatniki Kryma) [Aluston and Funa]. Simferopol; Crimea. 1971. 172 p.
5. Kolli L.P. Extract from the work of Wilhelm Geid: The history of the trade of the East in the Middle Ages (Colonies on the northern coast of the Black Sea. Izvestiya Tavricheskoi Uchenoi Arkhivnoi Komissii (ITUAK). Simferopol. 1915. No. 52. (In Russian).
6. Colli L.P. Kafa during her ownership of the Bank of St. George (1457–1477). Izvestiya Tavricheskoi Uchenoi Arkhivnoi Komissii (ITUAK). Simferopol. 1912. No. 47, pp.72–96. (In Russian).
7. Kutaisov V.A. Kerkinitida (Ser.: Arkheologicheskie pamyatniki Kryma) [Kerkinitida]. Simferopol. Tavria. 1992. 172 p.
8. Marchenko I.D. Gorod Pantikapei (Ser.: Arkheologicheskie pamyatniki Kryma) [The city of Pantikapei]. Simferopol. Tavria. 1974. 194 p.
9. Pamyatniki diplomaticheskikh snoshenii s Krymskoyu i nogaiskoyu ordami i s Turtsiei Pod.red. G.D. Karpova [Monuments of diplomatic relations with the Crimean and Nogai hordes and with Turkey]. Sbornik imperatorskogo istoricheskogo obshchestva. Saint Petersburg. 1884. Vol. 41. 518 p. (In Russian).
10. Panukhin P.V. Prostranstvo i vremya na kaptah Kryma [Space and time on maps of the Crimea]. Moscow: Architectura-C. 2020. 464 p.
11. Panukhin P.V. A new concept of using the living space of historical underground casemated barracks in the Kerch Fortress. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2022. No. 11, pp. 51–57. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2022-11-51-57
12. Rybakov B.A. Gerodotova Skifiya: Istoriko-geograficheskii Analiz [Herodotova Scythia: Historical and geographical analysis]. Moscow: Nauka. 1979. 342 p.

It is known that endogenous processes (earthquakes, climate, floods, etc.) on the Earth’s surface occur in accordance with the rule of changing the period of their calm to the period of a surge of high activity. So, according to the author’s research, the last period of a burst of seismic activity on Earth lasted about 60 years (1948–2011), and physicists received the Nobel Prize in 2021 for the theoretical justification of the change from a cold climate period to a warm period on Earth. However, the set of normative seismic scales OSR-2015 uses the characteristics of earthquakes only from the period of their calm, so the protection of settlements (people) in Russia cannot be guaranteed in the next period of a surge in earthquake activity on Earth.

A.V. MASLYAEV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Research Seismic Laboratory (27, bldg. A. 51, Zemlyachki Street, 400117, Volgograd, Russian Federation)

1. Maslyaev A.V. Author’s paradigm of the Russia construction system Zhilishchnoe Stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2020. No. 1–2, pp. 65–71. (In Russian). DOI: https:/doi.org/10.316590044-4472-2020-1-2-65-71
2. Aptikaev F.F. Insrtumentalnaya shkala seismicheskoy aktivnosti [Instrumental scale of seismic intensity]. Moscow: Nauka I Obrazovanie. 2012. 176 p.
3. Travush V.I., Shapiro G.I., Kolchunov V.I., Leontiev E.V., Fedorova N.V. Design the protection of large-panel buildings against progressive collapse Zhilishchnoe Stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2019. No. 3, pp. 40–46. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi. org/10.31659/0044-4472-2019-3-40-46
4. Hhain V.E., Lomize M.G. Geotectonika sosnovami geodinamici [Geotectonika with geodynamics bases. Moscow: MGU, 1995. 480 p.
5. Yudakhin F.N., Shchukin Yu.K., Makarov V.I. Glubinnoe stroenie I sovremennye geodinamicheskie protsessy v litosfere Vostochno-Evropeeikoi platform [Deep structure and modern geodynamic processes in a lithosphere of the East European Platform]. Ekaterinburg: UrO RAN. 2003. 300 p.
6. Steinberg V.V. Ground vibrations during earthquakes. Sources and impact of destructive seismic vibrations. Engineering questions Neural seismology. Moscow: ANSSSR. Inst. of Physics of the Earth. O.Y. Schmidt. 1990. Issue. 31, pp. 47–67.
7. Maslyaev A.V. Seismozashita zdanii v naselennykh punktakh dlya sokhraneniya zhizni I zdorovya lyudei pri zemletryasenii [Seismic protecttion of buildings in settlements to of Russia for preserve the life and health of people during an earthquake, flood.], flood. Moscow: Pero. 2022. 286 p.
8. Umnyakova N.P., Shubin I.L. On the problem of revising the Code of Rules SP 131.13330 “Construction Climatology” in a changing climate. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2021. No. 6, pp. 3–10. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2021-6-3-10
9. Novyy katalog silnykh zemletryaseniy na territorii SSSR s drevneiyshikh vremen do 1975 g. [New catalog of strong earthquakes on the territory of the USSR from ancient times to 1975]. Moscow: Nauka. 1977. 536 p.
10. Korchinsky I.L., Borodin L.A., Grossman B.A. and others. Seysmostoykoye stroitelstvo zdaniy [Earthquake-resistant construction of buildings. Mjscow: Vyshaya shkola. 1971. 320 p.
11. Polyakov S.V. Seysmostoykiye kostruktsii zdaniy [Earthquake-resistant structures of building structures]. Moscow: Vyshaya shkola. 1969. 336 p.
12. Maslyaev A.V. Russia construction system does not recognize the Impact of repeated earthquakes on construction sites. America Scientific Journal. 2020. No. 38, pp. 41–49. (In Russian). DOI: 10.31618/asi.2707-9864.2020. 1/38/12
13. Ulomov V.I., Shumilina L.S. The Complete set of cards of the general seismic division into districts of territory of Russian Federation OSR-97. Scale 1: 1: 8000000. An explanatory note and the list of cities and the Settlements located in seismodangerous areas. Moscow: Ministry of a science and technologies of the Russian Federation. RAN. Incorporated institute of physics of the Earth of O. Yu. Schmidt. 1999.

In response to political instability in the world, the direction of reserve architecture in the conditions of social conflict is being developed. The focus of the research is the concept of temporary housing for refugees, the requirements for which are rapidly changing due to technological progress and rising expectations regarding the basic level of housing comfort. The purpose of the article is to highlight the main trends that form the range of implemented and conceptual proposals in the architecture of temporary shelters for migrants, which have emerged in recent years. The place of reserve housing for migrants in the structure of modern architectural science is determined. A branch of refugee housing concept is logically connected to the existing areas of mobile, prefabricated and reserve housing. A number of modern concepts and projects that have been implemented were analyzed in order to identify the main trends in the architecture of the reserve housing in the context of social conflict. System analysis revealed the following trends: the desire to minimize the space occupied by the shelter; equipping the dwelling with life support systems that provide the energy autonomy of the building; the use of recycled materials in the construction and in the interior decoration of the house; the desire to simplify the process of building a home for users. It is concluded that the identified trends are often applied in combination and united by the direction of eco-sustainability in architecture. The research materials can be useful for theoretical forecasting and practical developments on the topic of innovative housing for refugees.

S.А. KIZILOVA, Candidate of Architecture (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Moscow Institute of Architecture (State Academy) (11/4, Rozhdestvenka Street, Moscow, 107031, Russian Federation)

1. Karpukhin M.K. Problems of migration in 2021: a review of the world media. Actual problems of the media space: from theoretical aspects to practical implementation: Collection of scientific articles of the conference. Moscow. 2022, pp. 183–188. (In Russian).
2. Vyalov I.I., Kuzmina V.M. The problem of organizing humanitarian aid to refugees from Urkaine of the Voronezh region. Management of socio-economic development of regions: problems and solutions: Collection of scientific articles of the 12th International Scientific and Practical Conference. Kursk. 2022, pp. 56–59. (In Russian).
3. Sednev V.A., Cherednichenko S.V., Goncharov V.L. Requirements for the temporary accommodation centers for the population suffered in emergencies. Tekhnologii tekhnosfernoi bezopasnosti. 2016. No. 4 (68), pp. 140–148. (In Russian).
4. Saprykina N.A. Formation of eco-sustainable future habitat: Theory Practice Prospects [Formirovanie eko-ustoichivogo prostranstva budushchego: Teoriya. Praktika. Perspektivy]. Moscow: Kurs. 2021. 288 p.
5. Saprykina N.A. Strategic changes of the life space formation in the context of global danger in noxology. Architecture: Heritage, Traditions and Innovations: Collection of Articles IV International Scientific Conference. Moscow. 2022, pp. 32.
6. Ashirova M.V., Aidarova G.N. Rapid response architecture: the concept of temporary mobile housing in large cities. Izvestiya Kazanskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel’nogo universiteta. 2016. No. 2 (36), pp. 17–22. (In Russian).
7. Mironenko V.P., Tsymbalova T.A. Mobile housing for migrants. World science. 2018. Vol. 1, No. 4 (32). (In Russian).
8. Astakhova E.S. Modern mobile architecture and mobile home. Inzhenernyi vestnik Dona. 2017. No. 4 (47), pp. 238. http://ivdon.ru/ru/magazine/archive/n4y2017/4622 (Date of access 25.10.2022). (In Russian).
9. Eichner M., Ivanova Z.I. Sustainable and social quality of refugee housing architecture. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2018. No. 193, pp. 04001 https://www.matec-conferences.org/articles/matecconf/pdf/2018/52/matecconf_esci2018_04001.pdf (Date of access 25.10.2022).
10. Beloborodova K.I. The world practice of organizing temporary accommodation of migrant in megacities. Ekologiya urbanizirovannykh territorii. 2021. No. 1, pp. 56–59. (In Russian).
11. Conti R.L., Dabaj J., Pascucci E. Living Through and Living On?: Participatory Humanitarian Architecture in the Jarahieh Refugee Settlement, Lebanon. Migration and society: Advances in Research. 2020. No. 3, pp. 213–221.
12. Lukes S., Noronha N., Finney N. Slippery discrimination: a review of the drivers of migrant and minority housing disadvantage. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies. 2019. Vol. 45, Iss. 17, pp. 3188–3206. DOI: 10.1080/1369183X.2018.1480996
13. Leiler A., Bjärtå A., Ekdahl J., Wasteson E. Mental Health and Quality of Life among Asylum Seekers and Refugees Living in Refugee Housing Facilities in Sweden. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. 2019. Vol. 54. No. 5, pp. 543–551.
14. Dadusc D., Grazioli M., Martínez M.A. Introduction: citizenship as inhabitance? Migrant housing squats versus institutional accommodation. Citizenship studies. 2019. Vol. 23, pp. 521–539.
15. Lozanovska M. Migrant Housing. London: Routledge. 2019. 260 p. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203701300
16. Kizilova S.A. Autonomous reserve housing in the aquatic environment: designing a self-sustainable floating module. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2020. Vol. 1614, pp. 012003. DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1614/1/012003
17. Astakhova E.S. Features of the architecture of social housing. Obshchestvo. 2021. No. 4 (23), pp. 123–125. (In Russian).
18. Remizov A.N. An “energy-trail” as a factor of form making and urban development. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2016. No. 8, pp. 13–17. (In Russian).
19. Kozlov D.Yu. Wovwn surfaces in the modern architectural form-finding. Fundamental, exploratory and applied research of the RAASN on scientific support for the development of architecture, urban planning and the construction industry of the Russian Federation in 2017. Collection of scientific works of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Building Sciences. Moscow. 2018. Vol. 1, pp. 88–98.
20. Saprykina N.A. Environmental strategies for the formation of urban agriculture in the context of the transition to sustainable development. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2022. Vol. 1010, pp. 012064.

The current level of housing provision in various countries is given. The dynamics of the development of the housing stock in Russia over the past hundred years has been revealed, taking into account the total number of residential buildings and the number of apartment buildings. The current assessment of the affordability of housing acquisition for the main social groups of the population in Russia is given. The relevance of the design and construction of socially-oriented housing at the present stage is shown and the analysis of factors affecting its planning parameters is carried out. The procedure for determining the rational planning parameters of socially-oriented housing is considered. Possible directions for reducing the cost of housing have been identified. Comparative coefficients for the evaluation and selection of the most economical housing construction projects are considered. The possible reserves for increasing the provision of housing for the population and reducing its cost are justified, including tax regulators for owners of empty housing in large cities, choosing the optimal technology of housing construction, determining the optimal number of storeys of houses from an economic point of view, reducing operating costs for housing and more. Taking into account the progressive settlement formula and the growing provision of housing for the population, promising areas in the design and construction of socially-oriented housing that are relevant for Russia are identified.

A.Yu. STOLBOUSHKIN, Doctor of Technical Sciences (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
V.S. SHEVELEV, engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Siberian State Industrial University (654007, Kemerovo region – Kuzbass, Novokuznetsk, Kirova Street, 42)

1. Kiyanenko K.V. Social housing of capitalist Russia: between politics and architecture. Arkhitektura i stroitel’stvo Rossii. 2016. No. 1–2, pp. 6–23. (In Russian).
2. Belkina T., Ivanova E.I., Makarova E.A., Nozdrina N.N., Porfiriev B.N., Prokhorov B.B., Terentyev N.E., Cherkovets M.V., Shmakov D., Shcherbakova E.M. Prirodnye i sotsial’no-ekonomicheskie faktory, opredelyayushchie usloviya zhizni i zdorov’e naseleniya: otsenka i prognoz [Natural and socio-economic factors determining the living conditions and health of the population: assessment and forecast]. Institute of National Economic Forecasting of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INP RAS). Moscow. 2014. 166 p. https://ecfor.ru/publication/faktory-opredelyayushhie-usloviya-zhizni-naseleniya/ (Date of access 22.06.2022).
3. Nikolaev S.V. The solution of the housing problem of the Russian Federation on the basis of reconstruction and technical reequipment of the industrial base of housing construction. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2010. No. 2, pp. 2–6. (In Russian).
4. Shmelev S.E. Myths and truth about monolithic and prefabricated housing construction. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2016. No. 3, pp. 40–42. (In Russian).
5. Krivtsov V.V., Makarenkova O.V. Development of low-rise frame construction as an effective measure of expansion of housing construction in Russia. The scientific heritage. 2021. No. 75. Vol. 2, pp. 3–5. DOI: 10.24412/9215-0365-2021-75-2-3-5. (In Russian).
6. Alyoshina E.A., Matveev A.A., Shevelev V.S. On the issue of apartments with comfortable layouts for the general population of Novokuznetsk. Science and youth: problems, searches, solutions. Proceedings of the All-Russian Scientific Conference of Students, Postgraduates and Young Scientists on May 19–21, 2020. Novokuznetsk: SibGIU Publishing Center. 2020. Iss. 24. Part V, pp. 38–41. (In Russian).