The vast territory of Russia consists of regional territories with individual natural-climatic, geological, hydro-geological, tectonic and seismic conditions. Therefore, the parameters of the impact of natural hazards on regional construction objects will always be different. However, according to the decision of the Government of the Russian Federation, the definition of the parameters of the impact of natural hazards for all construction objects in Russia should be made only by scientists of Central scientific institutes. Therefore, the result of the work of scientists of the Central scientific institutes for all regions of Russia became for example the current regulatory rule of the Russian Federation on the use of understated levels of effect of natural hazards in the calculations of mass residential and public buildings in comparison with their real impacts. Or an example of an understated normative seismic hazard for the territories of settlements in the Volgograd Region in the set of seismic maps OSR-2015. Moreover, the decision of the PC-7 experts in December 2019 recommended the use of a new set of seismic maps OSR-2016 on the territory of Russia, in which the seismic hazard for the territories of settlements in the Volgograd Region is underestimated by another point. The article substantiates the need to create in each region of Russia its own scientific center for the study of the parameters of the impact of natural hazards on construction objects, with which the draft Federal regulatory documents of the Russian Federation of construction content should be coordinated.

A.V. MASLYAEV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Research Seismic Laboratory (21, bldg.A, r.51, Zemlyachka Street, Volgograd, 400117, Russian Federation)

1. Hain V.E., Lomize M.G. Geotektonika s osnovami geodinamiki [Geotectonica with geodynamics bases]. Moscow: MGU. 1995. 480 p.
2. Maslyaev A.V. Seismic protection of settlements of Russia with due regard for “Uncpredictability of the next dangerous naturalphenomenon”. Zhilischnoe Stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 11, pp. 43–47. (In Russian).
3. Maslyaev A.V. Seismic safety of the population as the goal of the Russian construction system. Voprosy inzhenernoi sesmologii. 2019. Vol. 46. No. 3, pp. 152–160. (In Russian).
4. Maslyaev V.N. The Bulding system of Volgograd oblast ignores protection of life of people in buildings at earthquake. Zhilischnoe Stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2019. No. 1–2, pp. 55–58. (In Russian).
5. Maslyaev A.V. Short Live of Residential Buildings in Settlements of Russia. Zhilischnoe Stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 8, pp. 39–42. (In Russian).
6. Platonov A.S., Shestoperov G.S., Rogozhin E.A. Utochnenie seismotektonicheskoi obstanovki i seismicheskoe mikroraiorovanie uchastka stroitelstva gorodskogo mosta cherez r. Volgu v Volgograde. 1a Seismotektonicheskie issledovaniya [Specification of seismotectonic conditions and seismic microdivivion into districts of a site of building of the city bricige through the river Volga in Volgograde. 1a. Seismotectonic researches]. Moscow: СNIIS. 1996. 125 p.
7. Reisner G.I., Johanson L.I. Look-ahead estimation of seismic potential of Russian platform. Nedra Povoljya i Prikaspiya. 1997. Issue. 13, pp. 11–14. (In Russian).
8. Yudakhin F.N., Schukin Yu.K., Makarov V.I. Glubinnoe stroenie i sobremennye geodinamicheskie protsessy v litosfere Vostochno-Evropeeiskoi platform [Deep structure fnd modem geodynamic processes in a lithosphere of the East European platfprm]. Ekaterinburg: UrO RAN. 2003. 300 p.
9. Maslyaev A.V. Protection of Russian settlements against effect of dangerous natural phenomena. Zhilischnoe Stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 4, pp. 40–43. (In Russian).
10. Ulomov V.I., Shumilina L.S. The Complete set of cards of the general seismic division into districts of territory of Russian Federation OSR -97. Scale 1:8000000. An explanatory note and the list of cities and the settlemtnts located in seismodangerous areas. Moscow: Ministry of science and technologies of the Russian Federation. Incorporated institute of physics of the Earth of O.Yu. Schmidt. 1999.
11. Medvedev S.V. Determining the intensity of vibrations. Voprosy inzhenernoi sesmologii. 1978. No. 19, pp. 108–105. (In Russian).
12. Aleshin A.S., Kapustyan N.K., Aptikaev F.F., Ertele-va O.O. Response about project SNiP “Building in seismic paradise-onah” Seismostoikoe stroitelstvo. Bezopasnost sooruzhenii. 2008. No. 2, pp. 26–27. (In Russian).
13. Maslyaev A.V. Seismoprotection of buildings with a large number of people at an earthquake according to requirements of Federal laws of the Russian Federation. Vestnik VolgGASU. Stroitelstvo i Arhitektura. 2013. № 34 (53), pp. 30–36. (In Russian).
14. Maslyaev A.V. Underestimation of the seismic protection of buildings with a large number of people at the design, construction and operation stages. Prirodnye i tekhnogennye riski. Bezopasnost sooruzhenii. 2012. No. 3, pp. 31–37. (In Russian).
15. Ananyin I.V. Influence of recurrence of seismic influences on a damage rate of buildings. Istochniki i vozdeistvie razrushitelnykh seismicheskikh kolebanii. Voprosy inzhenernoi seismologii. Moscow: AN SSSR. Institut fiziki Zemli im. O.Yu. Shmidta. 1990. Issue. 31, pp. 142–148. (In Russian).
16. Maslyaev A.V. Earthquake resistance of buildings taking into account repeated strong shocks during an earthquake. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitelstvo. 2008. No. 3, pp. 45–47. (In Russian).
17. Maslyaev A.V. Seismic danger in territory of the Volgograd region is understated by standard cards OSR-97 the Russian Federation at the expense of simplification of tectonic conditions. Seismostoikoe stroitelstvo. Bezopasnost sooruzhenii. 2011. No. 6, pp. 46–49. (In Russian).

When constructing buildings on permafrost to improve their reliability, it is necessary to eliminate deformations of the foundations as a result of thawing of the permafrost base. This goal is achieved by taking into account and eliminating one of the significant shortcomings of the design solutions developed - the contradictions between the content and the form, in which the form slows down the implementation. The methodology used when developing this topic was a close combination of long-term study in nature in different climatic regions of natural and human factors, influencing the creation and implementation of technical solutions, developing methods for mathematical modeling of thermal processes in soils, studying the causes of Foundation deformations, and participating in scientific support for the design and construction of structures. The results of the work consist in identifying the causes of deformations of buildings, developing their reliable technical solutions, in which the form does not contradict the content. The area of the results application is regions with permafrost distribution. It is concluded that surface cooling in general (and executed in the form of a ventilated underground space – in particular) does not provide the base against thawing. It must be combined with deep cooling. The decrease in the effectiveness of the developed technical solutions and the degree of their implementation is due to contradictions between the content and the form. Technical solutions that increase the reliability of buildings are proposed, they are worked out in terms of the form of their implementation. Three types of landscape design are proposed.

V.V. PASSEK¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), General Director (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
A.V. NABOKOV², Candidate of Sciences (Engineering);
Vyach.V. PASSEK¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering);
V.S. ANDREEV³, Engineer

¹ LLC TSLIT (11, Off.31, Igarsky Proezd, Moscow, 129329, Russian Federation)
² Tyumen Industrial University of (38 Volodarsky Street, Tyumen, 625000, Russian Federation)
³ Foundation "Center for Civil and Social Initiatives of Ugra" (13 Mira Street, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra, Russian Federation)

1. Dorofeeva L.V. Prospects for the development of the construction industry in the Arctic zone. Regional economy and development of territories Collection of scientific articles. Saint Petersburg, 2019, pp. 4–6. (In Russian).
2. Morteza Sheshpari, Saman Khalilzad (Department Of Civil Engineering, University Of Ottawa). A Review on Permafrost Geotechnics, Foundation Design And New Trends. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Science. Vol. 4. Iss. 10. October. 2016, pp. 59–7159.
3. Dorofeeva L.V. Infrastructure potential as a factor of competitiveness of Russian regions. Ekonomika Severo-Zapada: problemy i perspektivy razvitiya. 2016. No. 2–3 (51–52), pp. 101–109. (In Russian).
4. Sarvut T.O. Principles of formation of the environment in the Arctic region. Vestnik MGSU. 2018. Vol. 13. No. 2 (113), pp. 130–140. (In Russian).
5. Trifonova K.I., Tkachenko N.V. Design Features of microclimate systems in modern residential buildings of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). New ideas of the new century: materials of the FAD TOGU international scientific conference. 2018. Vol. 3, pp. 460–468. (In Russian).
6. Kalinina N.S., Morozov N.V. Architectural, technical and design features.of designing residential and public buildings in the Far North. Sistemnye tekhnologii. 2019. No. 3 (32), рр. 40–46. (In Russian).
7. Okhlopkova T.V., Bakhtina A.A. Features of Construction and Design of Buildings on Permafrost. The Scientific community of students XXI century. Engineering Science: collection of articles on the Mat. LXV international. stud. science.-prakt. Conf. 2009. № 5 (64). (In Russian).
8. RF patent 156217. Ustroistvo dlya okhlazhdeniya grunta [Device for cooling of soil] / Passek V.V., Nabokov A.V., Palavoshev I.N., Maltseva T.V., Kraev A.N., Babuh A.P., Andreev V.S. Declared 27.05.2015. Published 10.11.2015. Bulletein No. 31. (In Russian).
9. RF patent 157618. Zdanie na vechnomerzlykh gruntakh [Building on the permafrost] / Passek V.V., Palavoshev I.N., Nabokov A.V., Babuh A.P., Baev M.A., Bye V.F. Declared 11.06.2015. Published 10.12.2015. Bullein No. 34. (In Russian).
10. RF patent 160273. Zdanie na vechnoi merzlote [Building on the permafrost] / Passek V.V., Tsukanov N.A., Passek Viach.V., Nabokov A.V., Baev M.A., Andreev V.S., Maltseva T.V., Palavoshev I.N. Declared 22.07.2015. Published 10.03.2016. Bulletin No. 7. (In Russian).
11. Kolosov A.O., Povzun E.S. Criterion of choice of foundation’s type depending on conditions of the building and kind of construction. Stroitel’stvo unikal’nykh zdanii i sooruzhenii. 2013. No. 10 (15), pp. 2–14. (In Russian).
12. Shiklomanov N.I., Streletskiy D.A., Swales T.B., Kokorev V.A. Climate Change and Stability of Urban Infrastructure in Russian Permafrost Regions. Geographical Review, Journal of the American Geographical Society of New York. No. 4. October. 2016.
13. Passek V.V., Passek Vach.V., Naurusova G.A. Method permafrost soils temperature regime calculation for foundations of complex composite structures. Vestnik TumGASU. 2015. No. 4, pp. 16–21. (In Russian).
14. Passek V.V., Chukanov N.A., Poz G.M., Grincenco M.I., Andreev V.S. Three-stage permafrost forecasting-most important condition of reliable construction on permafrost. Vestnik TumGASU. 2015. No. 4, pp. 27–32. (In Russian).
15. Passek V.V., Nabokov A.V., Baev. M.A., Maltseva T.V., Bai V.F., Palavoshev I.N. Combination of thermal-control bearing and ventilated underefloor spaces for building on permafrost. Vestnik TumGASU. 2015. No. 4, pp. 33–42. (In Russian).
16. Passek V.V., Baev. M.A, Nabokov A.V., Palavoshev I.N., Babuch A.P., Bai V.F. Combination of thermal-control bearing and thermal insulation for building on permafrost. Vestnik TumGASU. 2015. No. 4, pp. 43–46. (In Russian).
17. Chukanov N.A., Baev M.A, Babuch A.P., Poz G.M. Some features of thermal permafrost soil masses and outside the heated building in different contitions of outside the heated buildings in different conditions of snow deposition near the foundation. Vestnik TuMGASU. 2015. No. 4, pp. 53–59. (In Russian).

Educational buildings face energy performance and indoor air quality problems as any other building. This study aims to improve indoor air quality and its impact on students’ performance in educational building at Department of Architecture, Assiut University, located at the hot arid climatic zone of Egypt using nanotechnology. Also, this research focuses on the effect of nanomaterials on building’s envelope features which improve indoor air quality and save energy without any compromising functional needs. To achieve the objective of the study, the research depends on the analytical method and in-field measurements (such as: carbon dioxide content, humidity, and air temperature) during the cold period of the academic year (November, December, January). The study in-field measurements reveal the main parameters affecting the overall performance of the investigated building as building envelope, indoor air quality, thermal comfort, finishing materials quality, lighting system and its effects on the energy efficiency of the educational building. Simulated data for this Educational building was calculated using computer simulation software tool «Design-Builder». This research aims to Focus on applications offered by nanomaterials that can be applied in the department of architecture building, The result obtained shows that using Nano coating for Glass and walls can improve the Indoor air temperature of the building.

REHAM A. SULTAN, Research Student (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
MAHMOUD M. MOURAD

Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Egypt http://www.aun.edu.eg/faculty_engineering/dept_arch/arch_index.php

1. Roulet C.-A. Indoor Air Quality Management. (2003).
2. Wanas O. (2013, july). Assessing Thermal Comfort In. A Thesis submitted in the Partial Fulfillment for the Requirement of the Degree of Master of Science in Integrated Urbanism and Sustainable Design. Egypt.
3. Bart Merema, Muhannad Delwati, Maarten Sourbron, Hilde Breesch. Demand controlled ventilation (DCV) in school and office buildings: Lessons learnt from case studies. Energy & Buildings. 2018. Iss. 172. pp. 349–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2018.04.065
4. Luísa Dias Pereira, Daniela Raimondo, Stefano Paolo Corgnati, Manuel Gameiro da Silva. Assessment of indoor air quality and thermal comfort in Portuguese secondary classrooms: Methodology and results. Building and Environment. 2014. Vol. 81, pp. 69–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.06.008
5. Theodosiou T.G., Ordoumpoza-nis K.T. Energy, comfort and indoor air quality in nursery and elementary school buildings in the cold climatic zone of Greece. Energy and Buildings. 2008. Iss. 12, pp. 2207–2214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2008.06.011
6. Chryso Heracleous, Aimilios Michael. Climate change and thermal comfort in educational buildings of southern. 10th International Conference on Sustainable Energy & Environmental Protection (SEEP 2017)
7. Elham F. Mohamed. Nanotechnology: future of environmental air pollution control. Environmental Management and Sustainable Development. 2017. Vol. 6. No. 2. https://doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v6i2.12047
8. Office of Engineering and Technical Consultancy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
9. Brager G.S. and de Dear R., Climate, Comfort, & Natural Ventilation: A new adaptive comfort standard for ASHRAE Standard 55. Center for Environmental Design Research Center for the Built Environment (University of California, Berkeley). 2001. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2048t8nn
10. Rahman M.M., Rasul M.G. Khan M.M.K. Energy conservation measures in an institutional building by dynamic simulation using Design Builder. 3rd International Conference on Energy and Environment. Cambridge, 23–25 February, 2008.
11. Leydecker S. Nano materials in architecture, interior architecture and design. Springer Science & Business Media. 2008. 192 p.
12. Mangala Joshiand, Bapan Adak. Advances Nano technology Based Functional, Smart and Intelligent Textiles: A Review. In book: Comprehensive Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Edition: 2, Chapter: 5.10, Publisher: Elsevier. 2018, pp. 253–290. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-803581-8.10471-0

The first of a series of articles devoted to the reconstruction and restoration of the architectural appearance of one of the health resorts in Russia – the resort «Lake Karachi» founded in 1880 and located in the Novosibirsk region. Silt mud, concentrated salt solution (brine) and mineral drinking water «Karachinskaya» contribute to the treatment of diseases of the musculo-skeletal system and the gastro-intestinal tract. During the period of perestroika, the resort almost fell into disrepair. In 2011, a decision was made to restore the former glory of the unique health resort. This article covers the issues of the initial survey of resort facilities for the formation of a plan for the reconstruction and restoration of objects and the resort territory. The difficulties of reconstruction were that it was necessary to restore the uniqueness of the architectural appearance of the monument with a high degree of destruction of certain parts of specific buildings and structures. In the following articles, practical examples of ensuring the long-term strength of individual building structures and elements, external and internal finishing with due regard for climate and operational factors will be given. As restoring materials, effective large-pore concrete blocks with integral structure, concrete and mortar mixes with directional additives, compositions of penetrating action, thermo-sprayed coatings made of low-pressure powder polyethylene with nano-compositions treatment, dry mixes of construction solutions with high crack resistance and high adhesion, protective-impregnating polymer-silicate compositions with nano-scale additives were used.

V.F. KHRITANKOV¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering),
A.P. PICHUGIN¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
E.G. PIMENOV¹, Engineer;
O.E. SMIRNOVA², Candidate of Sciences (Engineering)

¹ Novosibirsk State Agricultural University (160, Dobrolyubova Street, Novosibirsk, 630039, Russian Federation)
² Novosibirsk State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (113, Leningradskaya Street, Novosibirsk, 630008, Russian Federation)

1. Sheremet E.N. Medical and health tourism of the Novosibirsk region. Mirovaya ekonomika i turizm. 2015. No. 12–1, pp. 353 – 355. (In Russian).
2. Shueva M.K., Kurbetyeva T.N. Restorative treatment and medical rehabilitation using therapeutic factors of the resort “Lake Karachi”. Novosibirsk: NGMU. 2011, pp. 5– 31.
3. Subbotin O.S. Architectural and urban development of the resort city of Gelendzhika (XVIII–XX centuries). Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing construction]. 2014. No. 1–2, pp. 58–66. (In Russian).
4. Bedov A.I., Znamenskiy V.V., Gabitov A.I. Otsenka tekhnicheskogo sostoyaniya, vosstanovlenie i usilenie osnovanii i stroitel’nykh konstruktsii ekspluatiruemykh zdanii i sooruzhenii [Assessment of technical condition, restoration and strengthening of bases and building structures of operated buildings and structures]. Moscow: ASV, 2014. 924 p.
5. Kurilo L.V. Istoriya arkhitekturnykh stilei [History of architectural styles]. Moscow: Sovetsky sport, 2012. 215 p.
6. Arkhitekturnye konstruktsii / pod red. Z.A. Kazbek-Kazieva [Architectural designs / ed. by Z. A. Kazbek-Kaziev]. Moscow: Arkhitektura-S, 2006. 342 p.
7. Maklakova T.G. Konstruktsii grazhdanskikh zdanii [Constructions of civil buildings]. Moscow: ASV, 2006, 295 p.
8. Kievsky I.L., Leonov V.V. Forecasting of physical wear of buildings. Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing construction]. 2017. No. 7, pp. 17–20. (In Russian).
9. Subbotin O.S. Problems of preservation of architectural and town-planning heritage in the conditions of a modern city (on the example of Krasnodar). Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing construction]. 2017. No. 7, pp. 35–40. (In Russian).
10. Schenkov A.S. Rekonstruktsiya istoricheskoi zastroiki v Evrope vo vtoroi polovine XX veka: Istoriko-kul’turnye problem [Reconstruction of historical buildings in Europe in the second half of the XX century: Historical and cultural problems]. Moscow: LENAND, 2011. 280 p.
11. Fokin K.F. Stroitel’naya teplotekhnika ograzhdayushchikh chastei zdanii [Construction heat engineering of enclosing parts of buildings]. Moscow: AVOK-PRESS. 2006. 256 p.
12. Kupriyanov V.N. Klimatologiya i fizika arkhitekturnoi sredy [Climatology and physics of the architectural environment]. Moscow: ASV, 2016. 194 p.
13. Kupriyanov V.N., Safin I.Sh., Khabibullina A.G. On the issue of vapor permeability of enclosing structures. Academia. Construction and architecture. 2009. No. 5, pp. 504–507. (In Russian).
14. Pichugin A.P., Hritankov V.F., Banul V.V., Kudryashov A.Yu. The Influence of nanoscale additives on the adhesive strength of protective polymer coatings. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Мaterials]. 2018. No. 1–2, pp. 39–44. (In Russian).
15. Hritankov V.F., Pichugin A.P., Smirnova O.E., Shatalov A.A. Use of nano-dimensional additives in concrete and building solutions to ensure adhesion during repair work. Nauka o Zemle. 2019. Vol. 17. No. 1, pp. 131–140. (In Russian).
16. Pichugin A.P., Hritankov V.F., Smirnova O.E., Pimenov E.G., Nikitenko K.A. shield-finishing compositions and compositions for repair work and ensuring the longevity of buildings. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitel’stvo. 2019. No. 9, pp. 109–122. (In Russian).

The article deals with the issue of gender principle in design. The gender principle is presented to modern designers as the basis of modern design. Its manifestation in architecture and design can be viewed from different sides, largely related to the composition in the subject formation: shape, color, texture, texture, material. In addition to the material components, gender in architecture and design is manifested in a special zoning of space, sound. The authors consistently consider the manifestation of the gender factor at various levels of city design: image formation and branding of the city, urban plan and urban structure, urban ensemble and architectural object, subject content of the urban environment, visual communications and dynamic forms in the urban environment.

S.M. MIKHAYLOV, Doctor of Sciences (Art History) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
A.S. MIKHAYLOVA, Candidate of Sciences (Art History) (misuoka @gmail.com)

Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering (1, Zelenaya Street, Kazan, 420043, Russian Federation)

1. Grashin A.A. Aktualizatsiya problem dizaina elementov predmetnoi sredy gendernogo soderzhaniya [Actualization of design problems of elements of the subject environment of gender content]. In the book: Khaliullina O.R. Project technologies of modern design taking into account the gender factor. Moscow: VNIITE, 2014. 144 p.
2. Matvienko V.V. Gender as a socio-cultural phenomenon. Obshchestvo: sotsiologiya, psikhologiya, pedagogika. 2016. No. 10, pp. 34–37. (In Russian).
3. Tartakovskaya I.N. Gendernaya sotsiologiya [Gender sociology]. Moscow: Tsentr sotsiologicheskogo obrazovaniya, Institut sotsiologii RAN, 2005. 367 p.
4. Alexander K., Ishikawa S., Silverstein M. Yazyk shablonov. Goroda. Zdaniya. Stroitel’stvo [Template Language. Cities. Building. Construction]. Moscow: Izd-vo Studii Artemiya Lebedeva, 2014. 1096 p.
5. Aronov V.R. Khudozhnik i predmetnoe tvorchestvo [The Artist and subject creativity]. Moscow: Sovetskii khudozhnik, 1987. 232 p.
6. Belov M.I., Mikhailov S.M., Mikhailova A.S. Dizain peshekhodnoi ulitsy [The design of a pedestrian street]. Kazan: Dizain-kvartal, 2015. 188 p.
7. Glazychev V.L. Urbanistika [Urbanism]. Moscow: Evropa. 2008. 220 p.
8. Dembich N.D., Mikhailov S.M. Design as a means of creating a historical sign in the urban environment (on the example of the memorial route of Princess Diana in London). Mir nauki, kul’tury, obrazovaniya. 2012. No. 5 [36], pp. 219–221. (In Russian).
9. Lebedeva G.S. Architectural theory of Vitruvius. Iskusstvoznanie. 2009. No. 3–4, pp. 5–34. (In Russian).
10. Suleymanova D.N. Inter’er tatarskogo doma: istoki i razvitie [Interior of the Tatar house: origins and development]. Kazan: Tatarskoe kn. izd-vo, 2010.
11. Makhlina S.T. Interior of the Russian hut. Voprosy kul’turologii. 2012. No. 12, pp. 71–75. (In Russian).

The General plan of Cherepovets (Vologda Region) provides for the development of construction on new territories and free spaces within the city. However, there are a number of old districts in the city. At the moment, most of the houses in the neighborhood fall under the category of dilapidated housing, the year of construction varies from 1958 to 1964. In addition to the housing stock itself, the territory of the micro-district itself has significant disadvantages. A sketch design of the renovation of the 205 micro-district of Cherepovets City is proposed. The idea is to create an eco-quarter with a large number of green spaces and the use of energy-efficient technologies. Practically, the entire housing stock of the neighborhood will be subjected to demolition. Multi-storey residential buildings are being designed on the territory of the micro-district to be able to place of residents of the old housing stock in new houses and attract new tenants due to the appearance of the comfort class housing in the neighborhood. With complex development of the micro-district, evenly housing commissioning for all periods of construction and completion of the whole construction in the shortest established time are planned. The proposed model of territorial renovation can become the basis for updating and developing other areas of existing urban development.

A.G. KAPTYUSHINA, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
E.V. BELANOVSKAYA, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
S.N. EVSEEVA, Master’s Student,
V.A. KUZNETSOVA, Master’s Student,
N.A. SHCHERBAKOVA, Master’s Student

Cherepovets State University (5, Lunacharskogo Prospect, Cherepovets, 162600, Russian Federation)

1. Aleksanin A.V. Relevance of the problem of construction waste management in the renovation of territories. Promyshlennoye i grazhdanskoye stroitel’stvo. 2017. No. 9, pp. 77–80 (In Russian).
2. Skupov B. Renovation has a beginning, renovation has no end. Tekhnologii stroitel’stva. 2017. No. 4 (120), pp. 6–10. (In Russian).
3. Vavilonskaya T.V. Modes of urban renovation of historical blocks. Promyshlennoye i grazhdanskoye stroitel’stvo. 2014. No. 12, pp. 7–11. (In Russian).
4. Sborschikov S.B., Sviridov I.A. On improving the efficiency of liquidation of dilapidated and emergency housing. Quarters. Nauchnoye obozreniye. 2016. No. 22, pp. 17–21. (In Russian).
5. Kievsky L.V., Sergeeva A.A. Renovation Planning and effective demand. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 12, pp. 3–7. (In Russian).
6. Pozmohova S.B., Logacheva E.A., Sergeeva A.A. The Renovation in the construction and economic impact. Vestnik UlGTU. 2011. No. 3, pp 57–60. (In Russian).
7. Demidenko O.V., Kuznetsov S.M. Improving the justification of the order of construction of buildings and structures. Vestnik Sibirskoy gosudarstvennoy avtomobil’no-dorozhnoy akademii. 2015. Issue 5 (45), pp. 66–71. (In Russian).
8. KoganYu.V. Main trends of urban development in Moscow. Promyshlennoye i grazhdanskoye stroitel’stvo. 2019. No. 8, pp. 24–29. (In Russian).
9. Kievsky L.V., Arseniev S.V., Kargashin M.E. Algorithms of renovation. Promyshlennoye i grazhdanskoye stroitel’stvo. 2019. No. 8, pp. 36–42. (In Russian).
10. Kyivsky R.L., Arseniev S.V., Organizational and economic model of renovation with due regard for the development of territory planning projects. Promyshlennoye i grazhdanskoye stroitel’stvo. 2019. No. 8, pp. 44–48. (InRussian).
11. Semenov S.A., Minakov S.S. Databases and algorithms for calculation and planning of resettlement of residents under the renovation program. Promyshlennoye i grazhdanskoye stroitel’stvo. 2019. No. 8, pp. 67–71. (In Russian).
12. Kievsky L.V. Risks of renovation. Promyshlennoye i grazhdanskoye stroitel’stvo. 2019. No. 1, pp. 5–11. (In Russian).
13. Grintsova O.V., Filatova E.A. Stroitelstvo ecokvartalov // Mezhdunarodny zhurnal gumanitarnykh i yestestvennykh nauk. 2019. No. 10, pp. 131–134. (In Russian).
14. Kaptyushina A.G., Kazinauskas M.A. Organizatsionno-tekhnologicheskiye resheniya pri operativno-kalendarnom planirovanii stroitel’stva monolitnogo zdaniya. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2018. No. 10, pp. 44–48. (In Russian).
15. Kiyevskiy L.V., Kargashin M.Ye., Parkhomenko M.I., Sergeyeva A.A. Organizatsionno-ekonomicheskaya model’ renovatsii. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2018 No. 3, pp. 47–51. (In Russian).
16. Kiyevskiy L.V. Matematicheskaya model’ renovatsii. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2018. No. 1–2, pp. 3–7. (In Russian).
17. Kiyevskiy L.V., Kargashin M.Ye. Renovatsiya po kvartalam (metodicheskiye voprosy). Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2018. No. 4, pp. 15–20. (In Russian).

Local wars and military conflicts – the modern challenges of the 21st century, lead to negative humanitarian consequences, including the threat of loss of cultural heritage objects and urban identity of the historical centers of cities. The development of new methods and techniques of urban planning aimed to preserving the historical heritage and sustainable development of the historical centers of cities that were affected by wars or armed conflicts determines the relevance and practical significance of the study. The research aims on developing a methodology for assessing the degree of damage to buildings and structures, and a method of attributing objects to create an information system, the use of which will determine the technology for restoration of objects during the regeneration of the destroyed territories of historical city centers. The methodology is based on a systematic approach and a retrospective analysis of the development of the urban settlement, allowing to establish the boundaries of the historical center. Survey of the territory, visual inspection and inventory of objects is an important step in solving issues of urban planning regeneration of the historical centers. To assess the degree of damage to buildings and structures that were affected by armed conflict, the methods of visual study were used based on the identification of damage to the components of the building. The paper presents an example of the historical center study in the city of Homs in Syrian Arab Republic. Within the boundaries of the territory of the historical city center, identified on the basis of historical and genetic analysis, a visual examination of buildings and structures was carried out, objects of cultural heritage were recorded, and the degree of damage to buildings and structures was revealed. It is shown that the choice of technology: restoration, conservation, recreation depends on the historical and cultural value of the object and the degree of its damage. In this paper we proposed a method of attribution, which allows to obtain a new guideline on the use of various approach of regeneration for historical objects at the pre-project stage of urban planning. The sequence of actions and the algorithm for creating the attribute were given. An example of attribution of historical objects in Homs city were given, which allows to outline ways to restore the historical environment at the pre-design stage of urban planning.

E.V. SHCHERBINA, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
A.A. BELAL, Мaster of Architecture

National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)

1. REACH. Syrian Cities Damage Atlas. 2019. March. 71 p.
2. Brosché J., Legnér M., Kreutz J., Ijla A. Heritage under attack: motives for targeting cultural property during armed conflict. International Journal of Heritage Studies. Routledge, 2017. Vol. 23. No. 3, pp. 248–260.
3. Shcherbina E.V., Belal A.A. Znachenie ob”ektov istoricheskogo i kul’turnogo naslediya pri rekonstruktsii i vosstanovlenii gorodov [The value of historical and cultural heritage in the reconstruction and restoration of cities]. Vestnik MGSU. 2019. No. 4, pp. 417–426. (In Russian).
4. Khalaf R.W. A Proposal to Apply the Historic Urban Landscape Approach to Reconstruction in the World Heritage Context. Historic Environment: Policy and Practice. Routledge, 2018. Vol. 9. No. 1, pp. 39–52.
5. Grünewald F. War in the city: Lessons learnt for the new century of urban disasters. War: Global Assessment, Public Attitudes and Psychosocial Effects. 2013, pp. 123–155.
6. Esaulov G.V. Ob identichnosti v arkhitekture i gradostroitel’stve [On identity in architecture and urban planning]. Academia. Arkhitektura i stroitel’stvo. 2018. No. 4, pp. 12–18. (In Russian).
7. Shevchenko E., Lukashev A. On the Actual Basis for Establishing the Boundaries of Cultural Heritage in the form of Places of Interest. Part 2. Academia. Arkhitektura i stroitel’stvo. 2019. No. 2, pp. 73–82. (In Russian).
8. Shevchenko E.A., Lukashev A.A. On the Actual Basis for Establishing the Boundaries of Cultural Heritage in the form of Places of Interest. Part 1. Academia. Arkhitektura i stroitel’stvo. 2019. No. 1, pp. 62–69. (In Russian).
9. Cunliffe E., Muhesen N., Lostal M. The Destruction of Cultural Property in the Syrian Conflict: Legal Implications and Obligations. International Journal of Cultural Property. 2016. Vol. 23. No. 1, pp. 1–31.
10. Khalaf R.W. A viewpoint on the reconstruction of destroyed UNESCO Cultural World Heritage Sites. International Journal of Heritage Studies. 2017. Vol. 23. No. 3, pp. 261–274.
11. Potapova А.V. Methods of regeneration historical quarters in the contemporary european practise by example of the neustadt district (germany). Arkhitektura i sovremennye informatsionnye tekhnologii. 2012. Vol. 2, No. 19, pp. 16–32. (In Russian).
12. Feilden B. Conservation of historic buildings. Routledge, 2007. 404 р.
13. Demidova E. The Rehabilitation of Industrial Territories as Parts of the City Space. Akademicheskii vestnik uralniiproekt RAASN. 2013. No. 1, pp. 8–13. (In Russian).
14. Grimmer A.E. The Secretary of the Interior’s standards for the treatment of historic properties: With guidelines for preserving, rehabilitating, restoring & reconstructing historic buildings. Government Printing Office, 2017.
15. Belal A., Shcherbina E. Heritage in post-war period challenges and solutions. IFAC-PapersOnLine. Elsevier, 2019. Vol. 52, No. 25, pp. 252–257.

Increasing the bearing capacity of the base is an actual problem in geotechnical construction. With increased loads on the base, the use of traditional technologies is not always justified. It is necessary to use non-traditional ways to strengthen the bases. Most often, the situation is aggravated with the presence of weak underlying layers with unstable physical and mechanical characteristics in engineering-geological sections. When such bases are strengthened with traditional piles, they can get negative friction, which reduces their bearing capacity in relation to the ground. This article presents the developed algorithm for the installment of combined soil-concrete bored piles with simultaneous fixing of weak engineering-geological elements. At the same time, in areas with weak layers along the length of the piles, the developed geotechnical technology makes it possible to arrange the widenings obtained from the joint use of get-technology for the installment of soil-cement piles and electric-discharge technology for bored-injection piles EDT. The final result of the new technology is a soil-concrete pile with multi-seat broadenings, which has increased values of bearing capacity in relation to the ground.

N.S. SOKOLOV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University (15, Moskovsky Prospect, Cheboksary, Chuvash Republic, 428015, Russian Federation)

1. Ilyichev V.A., Mangushev R.A., Nikiforova N.S. Experience in the development of the underground space of Russian megacities. Osnovaniya, fundamenty i mekhanika gruntov. 2012. No. 2, pp. 17–20. (In Russian).
2. Ulitsky V.M., Shashkin A.G., Shashkin K.G. Geotekhnicheskoe soprovozhdenie razvitiya gorodov [Geotechnical support of urban development]. Saint Petersburg: Georekonstruktsiya, 2010. 551 p.
3. Ilichev V.A., Konovalov P.A., Nikiforova N.S., Bulga-kov L.A. Deformations of the Retaining Structures Upon Deep Excavations in Moscow. Proc. Of Fifth Int. Conf on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering, April 3–17. 2004. New York, pp. 5–24.
4. Ilichev V.A., Nikiforova N.S., Koreneva E.B. Computing the evaluation of deformations of the buildings located near deep foundation tranches. Proc. of the XVIth European conf. on soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering. Madrid, Spain, 24–27th September 2007 «Geo-technical Engineering in urban Environments». Vol. 2, pp. 581–585.
5. Nikiforova, N.S., Vnukov D.A. Geotechnical cut-off diaphragms for built-up area protection in urban underground development. The pros, of the 7th Int. Symp. «Geotechnical aspects of underground construction in soft ground», 16–18 May, 2011, tc28 IS Roma, AGI, 2011, № 157NIK.
6. Nikiforova, N.S., Vnukov D.A. The use of cut off of different types as a protection measure for existing buildings at the nearby underground pipelines installation. Proc. of Int. Geotech. Conf. dedicated to the Year of Russia in Kazakhstan. Almaty, Kazakhstan, 23–25 September 2004, pp. 338–342.
7. Petrukhin V.P., Shuljatjev O.A., Mozgacheva O.A. Effect of geotechnical work on settlement of surrounding buildings at underground construction. Proceedings of the 13th European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. Prague, 2003.
8. Triantafyllidis Th., Schafer R. Impact of diaphragm wall construction on the stress state in soft ground and serviceability of adjacent foundations. Proceedings of the 14th European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Madrid, Spain, 22–27 September 2007. Vol. 2, pp. 683–688.
9. Sokolov N.S., Sokolov A.N., Sokolov S.N., Glush-kov V.E., Glushkov A.E. Calculation of flight augering piles of high bearing capacity. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 11, pp. 20–26. (In Russian).
10. Sokolov N.S. The foundation of the increased load-bearing capacity with the use of flight augering piles-ERT with multiplies broadening. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 9, pp. 25–29. (In Russian).
11. Sokolov N.S., Viktorova S.S Research and development of a discharge device for the production of a flight augering pile. Stroitel’stvo: Novye tekhnologii – Novoe oborudovanie. 2017. No. 12, pp. 38–43. (In Russian).
12. Nikolay Sokolov, Sergey Ezhov, Svetlana Ezhova. Preserving the natural landscape on the construction site for a sustainable ecosystem. Journal of applied engineering science. 15 (2017) 4, 482, pp. 518–523. (In Russian).
13. Sokolov N.S. Electroimpulse installation for the production of flight augering piles. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2018. No. 1–2, pp. 62–66. (In Russian).
14. Sokolov N.S. One of approaches to solve the problem of increasing the bearing capacity of bored piles. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2018. No. 5, pp. 44–47. (In Russian).
15. Sokolov N.S. Criteria for economic efficiency of using drill piles. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 5, pp. 34–38. (In Russian).
16. Sokolov N.S. Technology of increasing the bearing capacity of the Foundation. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction materials]. 2019. No. 6, pp. 67–71. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2019-771-6-67-71

The relevance of the study is related to the need to take into account heat gains from solar radiation when assessing the energy saving class of a building and the incompleteness of information about such heat gains in the current regulatory documents of the Russian Federation. The subject of the study is the dependence of the specific character of heat access to the building from solar radiation on the geographical latitude of the construction area. The purpose of the study is to estimate the total orientation-averaged specific heat gains from solar radiation during the heating period. The objective of the study is to obtain analytical expressions for the heat flow per unit area of glazing and degree-days of heating period, depending on the latitude and other settings. A comparison of correlation dependencies was used to identify the statistical relationship between the parameters of the heating period and the geographical latitude of the construction area within the main part of the territory of the Russian Federation. It is shown how, taking into account the obtained ratios, it is possible to use information on the specific heat flow from solar radiation through vertical translucent barriers, provided in SP 131.13330.2012, for the approximate calculation of the specific characteristic of heat access to the building from solar radiation. The engineering dependence of the averaged total specific intensity of solar radiation on building facades is obtained, depending only on the geographical latitude of the area.

O.D. SAMARIN, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)

1. Gagarin V.G., Ivanov D.S., Malyavina E.G. The development of climatic information in the form of specialized “typical year”. Vestnik Volgogr. Gos. Arch.-stroit. Un-ta. Ser.: Str-vo i archit. 2013. Vol. 31 (50). Part 1. Goroda Rossii. Problemy proektirovaniya i realizacii, pp. 343–349. (In Russian).
2. Borukhova L.V., Shibeko A.S. Improvement of methods for calculating heat transfer through translucent structures and recommendations for their reduction. Energetika. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy i energeticheskikh ob’edineniy SNG. 2016. Vol. 59. No. 1, pp. 65–78. (In Russian).
3. Umnyakova N.P. Climatic parameters of typical year for thermal engineering calculations. BST: Byulleten’ stroitel’noy tekhniki. 2016. No. 8 (984), pp. 48–51. (In Russian)
4. Wang X., Mei Y., Li W., Kong Y., Cong X. Influence of sub-daily variation on multi-fractal detrended analysis of wind speed time series. PLoS ONE. 2016. Vol. 11. No. 1, pp. 6014–6284.
5. Valiño V., Rasheed A., Perdigones A., Tarquis A.M. Effect of increasing temperatures on cooling systems. A case study. European greenhouse sector. Climatic Change. 2014. Vol. 123. No. 2, pp. 175–187.
6. User’s manual for TMY2s (Typical Meteorological Years), NREL/SP4637668, and TMY2s, Typical Meteorological Years derived from the 1961–1990 national solar radiation database. Colorado: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, 1995.
7. Мalyavina E.G. Teplopoteri zdaniya [Heat losses of the building]. Мoscow: AVOK-PRESS Publishers, 2007. 144 p.
8. Samarin O.D. On verifying of probable and statistical correlation between design parameters of external climate. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitel’stvo. 2014. No. 3, pp. 66–69. (In Russian).
9. Samarin O.D., Lushin K.I. Assessment of the specific heat gain from solar radiation to calculate the energy saving class of the building. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2019. No. 3, pp. 53–56. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2019-3-53-56
10. Samarin O.D. Assessment of the impact of climate change on the energy consumption of building micro-climate systems. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2019. No. 3, pp. 53–56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2020-1-2-21-24

Currently, outdoor balcony glazing is widely used for glazing multi-storey residential buildings. However, the current method analysis for calculating daylighting of rooms used in the territory of the Russian Federation shows that it does not take into account the shading effect of balcony glazing. This is one of the reasons for the decrease in daylight in rooms that open to a glazed balcony (loggia). The paper considers approaches to improving the existing methodology for calculating daylighting in rooms with glazed balconies (loggias). To do this, we analyzed the factors that influence the lighting characteristics of modern types of balcony glazing. The daylighting geometric coefficient calculations a residential space with a glazed balcony were made for various variants of balcony glazing and using different approaches. The calculation results show that the application of the current calculation method for residential rooms with glazed balconies (loggias) gives inflated calculation results, since this method does not allow taking into account the design features of the balcony glazing (the shading effect of its profile elements and elements of the balcony railing). It is possible to increase the accuracy of the daylighting calculations of rooms with glazed balconies by taking into account the actual size and light transmission of each individual cell of translucent filling, through which the sky will be visible at the calculated point of the room. However, this method of calculation is time-consuming. In engineering practice, it is rational to use the calculating method the daylighting of rooms with glazed balconies, taking into account the actual geometry of the light openings of the balcony and the outer wall and using the coefficient light transmission of balcony glazing and windows.

A.P. KONSTANTINOV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)

1. Boriskina I.V., Plotnikov A.A., Zaharov A.V. Proektirovanie sovremennyh okonnyh sistem grazhdanskih zdanij [Design of modern window systems for civil buildings]. Sankt-Peterburg: Vybor. 2008. 360 p.
2. Boriskina I.V., Shvedov N.V., A. Plotnikov A.A. Sovremennye svetoprozrachnye konstrukcii grazhdanskih zdanij. Spravochnik proektirovshchika. Tom II. Okonnye sistemy iz PVH [Modern translucent structures of civil buildings. Handbook of the designer. Vol. II. PVC Window systems]. Sankt-Peterburg: NIUPC «Mezhregional’nyj institut okna». 2012. 320 p.
3. Boriskina I.V., Shchurov A.N., Plotnikov A.A. Okna dlya individual’nogo stroitel’stva [Windows for individual construction]. Moscow: Funke Rus. 2013. 320 p.
4. Dubynin N.V., Dubynin V. N. Balcony or loggia? Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2007. No. 7, pp. 25–28. (In Russian).
5. Gagarin V., Shirokov S. Сalculation of air temperature of glazed logges for determination of energy-saving effect. Stroitel’stvo i rekonstrukcija. 2017. No. 3 (71), pp. 36–42. (In Russian).
6. Dodoo A., Gustavsson L., Tettey U.Y.A. Final energy savings and cost-effectiveness of deep energy renovation of a multi-storey residential building. Energy. 2017. Vol. 135, pp. 563–576. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.06.123
7. Hilliaho K., Köliö A., Pakkala T., Lahdensivu J., Vinha J. Effects of added glazing on Balcony indoor temperatures: Field measurements. Energy and Buildings. 2016. Vol. 128, pp. 458–472. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.07.025
8. Nowak-Dzieszko K., Rojewska-Warcha M. Influence of the balcony glazing construction on thermal comfort of apartments in retrofitted large panel buildings. Procedia Engineering. 2015. Vol. 108, pp. 481–487. DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2015.06.187
9. Konstantinov A.P., Ibragimov A.M. Complex approach to the calculation and design of translucent structures. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2019. No. 1–2, pp. 14–17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2019-1-2-14-17 (In Russian).
10. Isaykin A., Boriskina I., Boriskina P. “Glass balconies” in architecture of multystoried residential buildings. Tekhnologii stroitel’stva. 2015. No. 6, pp. 26–29. (In Russian).
11. Stratiy P.V., Stanovov I.A. The influence of the glazing ratio of a facade on the energy efficiency. Vestnik tihookeanskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2017. No. 4(47), pp. 105–114. (In Russian).
12. Zemtsov V.A., Gagarina E.V., Korkin S.N. Method of experimental determination of total coefficient light transmission of windows under natural conditions. Vestnik MGSU. 2011. No. 3. Vol. 2, pp. 9–14. (In Russian).
13. Zemtsov V.A., Gagarina E.V. Calculation-experimental method determination of the general coefficient light transmission window blocks. ACADEMIA. Arhitektura I stroitel’stvo. 2010. No. 3, pp. 472–476. (In Russian).
14. Zimnovich I.A. On determining the interreflected component in mandatory method of daylight factor estimation in buildings. Privolzhskij nauchnyj zhurnal. 2015. No. 1 (33), pp. 93–96. (In Russian).
15. Baharev D.V., Zimnovich I.A. About light transmission of windows. Svetotehnika. 2007. No. 5, pp. 4–8. (In Russian).
16. Tikhomirov A.M., Konstantinov A.P., Kurushkina K.S. Design of window structures using building information modeling technology. Nauka i biznes: puti razvitija. 2018. No. 11 (89), pp. 123–128. https://www.elibrary.ru/download/elibrary_36823977_47394387.pdf (Date of access 28.02.2020). (In Russian).

Currently, the perception of the functions of urban streets is changing: if previously, the priority was the transport component, the new approach to street design emphasizes the increased attention to the performance of the function of public space. Modern streets are characterized by an increased concentration of pedestrians, vacationers, and visitors to various businesses and service institutions, which requires improving methods for evaluating and designing urban streets. The authors set a goal to develop new approaches to the analysis of urban planning aspects that determine the organization of public spaces on the streets of Russian cities. The article suggests to use the PESTEL analysis method for assessing the use of urban street space on the basis of its assessing territorial resource model. The model is based on 4 groups of urban planning aspects that make it possible to evaluate the spatial solution of the street in terms of the needs of the population, public life, effective use of territories, and urban identity. Their complex consideration will make it possible to understand how the streets currently function and how well their social functions are developed. The article presents the results of testing the developed model and applying the Pestel analysis tool for urban streets in the city of Korolev.

I.D. TEPLOVA, Magister (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)

1. Glazychev V.L. Urbanistika [Urbanistics]. Moscow: Evropa. 2008. 220 p.
2. Lyubova O.V. Creating a comfortable urban environment: trends, problems. Sotsial’no-ekonomicheskie i tekhnicheskie sistemy: issledovanie, proektirovanie, optimizatsiya. 2019. No. 2 (81), pp. 89–94. (In Russian).
3. Khalid Mandeli Public space and the challenge of urban transformation in cities of emerging economies: Jeddah case study. Cities. 2019. Vol. 95, Article 102409. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2019.102409
4. Lofland L., Lyn H. The public realm: exploring the city’s quintessential social territory: Hawthorne, N.Y.: Aldine de Gruyter. 1998. 305 p.
5. Strategic Plan for FY 2018-2022. U.S. Department of Transportation. 2018. 56 p.
6. Urban Street Design Guide. National Association of City Transportation. 2013. 192 p.
7. Danilina N.V. «Nomadic urbanism» – a modern approach to the planning of urban public spaces. Ekologiya urbanizirovannykh territorii. 2018. No. 2, pp. 91–95. (In Russian).
8. Matthew Carmona Principles for public space design, planning to do better. Urban Design International. 2019. Vol. 24, pp. 47–59. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41289-018-0070-3
9. Erokhin G.P., Timofeenko K.O. Comprehensive assessment of the state of improvement of public areas of the city of Novosibirsk. Tvorchestvo i sovremennost’. 2019. No. 2 (10), pp. 91–109. (In Russian).
10. Danilina N.V., Teplova I.D. Formation of public areas on city streets. Ekologiya urbanizirovannykh territorii. 2018. No. 4, pp. 74–80. (In Russian).

The prerequisites for using 3D printing technology for creating urban design objects are considered. It is shown that small architectural forms used in landscaping are included in the development process of the territory as a functional part. The market for small architectural forms is classified as growing by 3-4 % per year, which is facilitated by the implementation of urban development programs in the framework of the National project «Housing and the Urban Environment» and the Federal project «Creating a Comfortable Urban Environment». The concept of urban environment design based on the integrated application of 3D-printed small architectural forms is proposed. The author’s concept of creating 3D-printed art objects involves the unification of small architectural forms, bringing to a uniform system of architectural modules. At the same time, each individual architectural module is a flat or three-dimensional hollow element of such a form that ensures their unification, compatibility, and versatility. For 3D printing of art modules, it is assumed to use architectural composites of the original author’s formulation with controlled rheology, set coloristics and physical- climatic stability. An assessment of the competitive advantages of 3D-printed small architectural forms, SWOT analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of using 3D printing technology for their production are made.

G.S. SLAVCHEVA, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
I.I. AKULOVA, Doctor of Sciences (Economy), (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
I.V. VERNIGORA, Bachelor, (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Voronezh State Technical University (84, 20-letiya Oktyabrya Street, 394006, Voronezh, Russian Federation)

1. Dutsev M.V. Modern author’s concepts of architectural and artistic synthesis. Teoriya i istoriya arkhitektury. restavratsiya i rekonstruktsiya istoriko-arkhitekturnogo naslediya. Izvestiya KGASU. 2012. No. 1 (19), pp. 7–16. (In Russian).
2. Leatherbarrow D., Kolarevic B., Malkawi A. Architecture’s unscripted performance. Performative architecture: Beyond instrumentality. New York: Spon Press. 2005. 576 p.
3. Permyakov M.B., Krasnova T.V., Dorofeyev A.V. Additive technologies in the construction and design of the architectural environment: present and future. Aktualnyye problemy sovremennoy nauki. tekhniki i obrazovaniya. 2018. Vol. 9. No. 2, pp. 2–5. (In Russian).
4. Akulova I.I., Slavcheva G.S., Makarova T.V. Technical and economic estimate of the 3D printing effectiveness in housing construction. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2019. No. 12, pp. 52–56. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2019-12-52-56
5. Aristova A.V., Krasnobaev I.V. Architectural and urban planning branding of territories as a key factor in the development of the city. Izvestiya KGASU. 2016. No. 1 (35), pp. 7–15. (In Russian).
6. Akulova I.I. Research and accounting of consumer preferences in the residential real estate market as the basis for the formation of an effective urban-construction policy. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing construction]. 2017. No. 4, pp. 3–6. (In Russian).
7. Landry C. Kreativnyy gorod [Creative City]. Moscow: Classica XXI. 2011. 399 p.
8. Krasnova T.V., Permyakov M.B. Creative approaches in the formation of the image of the urban environment by means of architecture and design. Sovremennyye naukoyemkiye tekhnologii. 2019. No. 2, pp. 89–93. (In Russian).
9. Ryabov O.R. Emotional perception of the architectural environment. Izvestiya KGASU. 2016. No. 3 (37), pp. 62–67. (In Russian).
10. Alekseev I.A. Consumer demand and market capacity of small architectural forms. Lesnoy vestnik. 2008. No. 4, pp. 118–121. (In Russian).
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