AbstractAbout AuthorsReferences
Currently, there are several methods for determining the frost resistance of building materials: the basic method, which consists in periodic freezing in air and with complete immersion of samples in water during thawing; accelerated methods by thawing in salts and by deep freezing. In the standards for cellular autoclave hardening units and polystyrene concrete, a special method of determination of frost resistance is described. Cycles according to this method consist of periodic freezing in air samples with mass humidity (35±2)% and thawing in air with relative humidity (95±2)%. GOST 7025–91 “Brick and ceramic and silicate stones. Methods for determining water absorption, density and control of frost resistance, in addition to the volumetric freezing method, prescribes a one-sided freezing method for ceramic and silicate bricks. The use of the one-sided freezing method, which is close to operational conditions, can be useful when assessing the resistance of materials and products used in the outer layers of the wall, particularly in facing ceramic bricks, facade systems and others. Research Institute of Building Physics has carried out research to assess the frost resistance of wall fragments from cellular concrete and polystyrene concrete blocks by the method of unilaterally freezing at the HDU-0.2 refrigeration plant. It has been established that the adhesion strength of blocks with plaster mortar, the strength of tearing of chemical anchors should be attributed as normalized parameters of frost resistance of wall masonry by unilateral freezing. It is necessary to carry out work aimed at systematization of determining and adopting uniform methods designating brands for frost resistance for all building materials used in outdoor enclosing structures, with subsequent introduction into existing regulations.
I.V. BESSONOV1, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
V.A. ZAHAROV2, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
E. A. PAVLOVA2, Engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
E.A. GORBUNOVA1,3, Engineer, Student (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
I.S. GOVRYAKOV1,3, Engineer, Student (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
V.A. ZAHAROV2, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
E. A. PAVLOVA2, Engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
E.A. GORBUNOVA1,3, Engineer, Student (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
I.S. GOVRYAKOV1,3, Engineer, Student (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
1 Scientific-Research Institute of Building Physics of RAACS (21, Lokomotivniy Driveway, Moscow, 127238, Russian Federation)
2 Central Research Institute of Building Constructions named after A.V. Kucherenko (TSNIISK named after A.V. Kucherenko) (6, 2-nd Institutskaya Street, Moscow, 109428, Russian Federation)
3 National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)
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7. Ahmed Abdulhadi, Mohamed Mussa, Yasir Kadhim The clay rocks properties for the production of the ceramic bricks. Magazine of Civil Engineering. 2022. Vol. 111. No. 3.
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9. Bessonov I.V., Zhukov A.D., Bazhenova S.I., Konyukhov M.A. Frost resistance of the walls of buildings made of light concrete. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2022. No. 11, pp. 4–9. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2022-808-11-4-9
10. Bessonov I.V, Bulgakov B.I., Lankan A.V.,Govryakov I.S., Gorbunova E.A. Reasons for the destruction of the front brick. Stroitel’stvo i rekonstruktsiia. 2023. No. 1 (105), pp. 114–122. (In Russian). DOI: 10.33979/2073-7416-2023-105-1-114-122
11. Krygina A.M., Maltsev P.V., Kartamyshev N.V.,Ilyinov A.G. On the durability of the stone masonry. Vestnik MGSU. 2011. No. 3, pp. 185–188. (In Russian).
2. Francisco M. Fernandes 1-Clay bricks In Woodhead Publishing Series in Civil and Structural Engineering. Long-term Performance and Durability of Masonry Structures. Woodhead Publishing. 2019, pp. 3–19.
3. Dehghan S.M., Najafgholipour M.A., Baneshi V., Rowshanzamir M. Mechanical and bond properties of solid clay brick masonry with different sand grading. Construction and Building Materials. 2018. Vol. 174, pp. 1–10.
4. Stryszewska T., Kan´ka S. Characterization of factors determining the durability of brick masonry. Brick and block masonry – from historical to sustainable masonry. 2020. No. 1. 6 p.
5. Shamanov V.A. Causes of separation of the outer layer of the front brick. Ingenernyi vestnik Dona. 2018. No. 1 (48), pp. 28–35. (In Russian).
6. Kropyvnytska T., Semeniv R., Kotiv R., Novytskyi Yu. Effects of Nano-liquids on the Durability of Brick Constructions for External Walls. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. 2020. Vol. 100, pp. 237–244.
7. Ahmed Abdulhadi, Mohamed Mussa, Yasir Kadhim The clay rocks properties for the production of the ceramic bricks. Magazine of Civil Engineering. 2022. Vol. 111. No. 3.
8. Kotlyar V.D., Nebezhko N.I., Terekhina Yu.V., Kotlyar A.V. On the issue of chemical corrosion and durability of brick masonry. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2019. No. 10, pp. 78–84. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2019-775-10-78-84
9. Bessonov I.V., Zhukov A.D., Bazhenova S.I., Konyukhov M.A. Frost resistance of the walls of buildings made of light concrete. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2022. No. 11, pp. 4–9. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2022-808-11-4-9
10. Bessonov I.V, Bulgakov B.I., Lankan A.V.,Govryakov I.S., Gorbunova E.A. Reasons for the destruction of the front brick. Stroitel’stvo i rekonstruktsiia. 2023. No. 1 (105), pp. 114–122. (In Russian). DOI: 10.33979/2073-7416-2023-105-1-114-122
11. Krygina A.M., Maltsev P.V., Kartamyshev N.V.,Ilyinov A.G. On the durability of the stone masonry. Vestnik MGSU. 2011. No. 3, pp. 185–188. (In Russian).
For citation: Bessonov I.V., Zaharov V. A., Pavlova E. A., Gorbunova E. A., Govryakov I.S. Determination of frost resistanceof building materials by the method of one-sided freezing. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2023. No. 10, pp. 77–82. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2023-10-77-82