Analysis of the Causes of the Destruction of Plaster on the Interior Partitions of an Apartment Building

Defects in the finishing coatings of building structures are one of the most common problems faced not only by developers, but also by residents of new buildings in the initial period of their operation. This work is devoted to establishing the causes and mechanisms of the occurrence of destructive processes in the interior decoration of interior partitions made of tongue-and-groove gypsum boards, an apartment building with a monolithic frame, which appeared a few months after the completion of the plastering work. To solve the set goal, the authors used an integrated approach, which included a constructive, materials science, and organizational and technological aspect. It has been established that large-scale self-destructive deformations of the plaster layer are caused by intense movement of water vapor from the porous base of the slab after turning on the heating in the premises, and the movement of steam was prevented by an incorrectly selected multi-layer finishing coating, which has less vapor permeability than a gypsum tongue-and-groove slab. Excess moisture in the porous structure of the slabs appeared as a result of its capillary suction from cement-sand screeds, which were laid at this facility after the installation of internal partitions, that is, in violation of existing regulatory requirements.

I.K. DOMANSKAYA, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
N.I. FOMIN, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin (19, Mira Street, Yekaterinburg, 620002, Russian Federation)

1. Медяник Ю.В. Классификация и анализ дефектов и повреждений штукатурных покрытий фасадов зданий // Известия Казанского государственного архитектурно-строительного университета. 2018. № 2 (44). С. 231–238.
1. Medyanik Y.V. Classification and analysis of defects and damages of plaster coatings of building facades. Izvestiya KGASU. 2018. No. 2 (44), pp. 231–238. (In Russian).
2. Василик П.Г., Калашников Р.В., Бурьянов А.Ф., Фишер Х.-Б. Исследование причин возникновения трещин в материалах на основе гипсового вяжущего // Строительные материалы. 2015. № 6. С. 88–92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2015-726-6-88-92
2. Vasilik P.G., Kalashnikov R.V., Buryanov A.F., Fischer H.-B. Investigation of the causes of cracks in materials based on gypsum binder. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2015. No. 6, pp. 88–92. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2015-726-6-88-92
3. Pereira A., Palha F., Brito J. de & Silvestre J. D. Diagnosis and repair of gypsum plaster coatings: statistical characterization and lessons learned from a field survey. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management. 2014. No. 20 (4)-15, pp. 485–496. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2013.801918
4. Литвиненко С.В., Поташев М.Г., Балмасов Г.Ф. К вопросу о трещиностойкости гипсовых штукатурок на газобетонных основаниях // Сухие строительные смеси. 2017. № 4. С. 30–37.
4. Litvinenko S.V., Potashev M.G., Balmasov G.F. On the issue of crack resistance of gypsum plasters on aerated concrete bases. Suhie stroitelnye smesi. 2017. No. 4, pp. 30–37. (In Russian).
5. Гончаров Ю.А., Дубровина Г.Г., Шныпко С.Д. Обеспечение требуемых акустических условий в помещениях за счет применения гипсовых пазогребневых плит // Строительные материалы. 2018. № 8. С. 31–35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2018-762-8-31-35
5. Goncharov Yu.A., Dubrovina G.G., Shnipko S.D. Provision of the required acoustic conditions in the premises through the use of gypsum groove-ridge slabs. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2018. No. 8, pp. 31–35. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2018-762-8-31-35
6. Садуакасов М.С., Шойбеков Б.М., Токмаджешвили Г.Г., Ермуханбет М.А., Мейрханов Т.Б. Пеногипсовые панели для перегородок // Строительные материалы. 2019. № 10. С. 64–69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2019-775-10-64-69.
6. Saduakasov M.S., Shaibekov B.M., Tokmajeshvili G.G., Ermukhanbet M.A., Meyrkhanov T.B. Foam gypsum panels for partitions. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2019. No. 10, pp. 64–69. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2019-775-10-64-69
7. Бессонов И.В., Жуков А.Д., Горбунова Э.А. Исследование водостойкости гидрофобизированных пазогребневых гипсовых плит // Строительные материалы. 2021. № 6. С. 57–61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2021-792-6-57-61.
7. Bessonov I.V., Zhukov A.D., Gorbunova E.A. Investigation of water resistance of hydrophobized groove-ridge gypsum slabs. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2021. No. 6, pp. 57–61. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2021-792-6-57-61
8. Коровяков В.Ф., Бурьянов А.Ф. Научно-технические предпосылки эффективного использования гипсовых материалов в строительстве // Жилищное строительство. 2015. № 12. С. 38–40.
8. Korovyakov V.F., Buryanov A.F. Scientific and technical prerequisites for the effective use of gypsum materials in construction. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2015. No. 12, pp. 38–40. (In Russian).
9. Villoria Sáez P., del Río Merino M., Sorrentino M., Porras Amores C., Santa Cruz Astorqui J. & Viñas Arrebola C. Mechanical Characterization of Gypsum Composites Containing Inert and Insulation Materials from Construction and Demolition Waste and Further Application as A Gypsum Block. Materials. 2020. No. 13 (1), pp. 193. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13010193
10. Cesar Porras Amores, Jaime Santa Cruz Astorqui, Mercedes Del Rio Merino, Paola Villoria Saez, Carmen Viñas Arrebola. Analysis of the vitability of prefabricated elements for partitions manufactured with plaster and eps from waste recycling. Dyna. 2020. No. 94 (4), pp. 415-420. DOI: https://doi.org/10.6036/8984
11. Куренков О.Г., Олейник П.П. Оценка степени отражения качества объекта в исполнительной документации // Строительное производство. 2019. № 1. С. 78–81.
11. Kurenkov O.G., Oleinik P.P. Assessment of the degree of reflection of the quality of the object in the as-built documentation. Stroiyelnoe proizvodstvo. 2019. No. 1, pp. 78–81. (In Russian).
12. Орлова Е.А., Байбурин А.Х., Фомин Н.И. Камеральная оценка достоверности строительной исполнительной документации // Вестник ЮУрГУ.Сер. Строительство и архитектура. 2021. Т. 21. № 4. С. 24–31. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.14529/build210403
12. Orlova E.A., Baiburin A.Kh., Fomin N.I. Assessment of the degree of reflection of the quality of the object in the as-built documentation. Vestnik YUrGU. Stroitelstvo i arhitectura. 2021. Vol. 21. No. 4, pp. 24–31. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.14529/build210403
13. Старцев С.А., Харитонов А.М., Ступак М.В., Чиркин А.С. Оценка степени влияния капиллярного подсоса на увлажнение кирпичной кладки // Инновации и инвестиции. 2021. № 4. С. 293–297.
13. Startsev S.A., Kharitonov A.M., Stupak M.V., Chirkin A.S. Assessment of the degree of influence of capillary suction on the moistening of brickwork. Innovations and investments. 2021. No. 4, pp. 293–297. (In Russian).
14. Li M., Yu H., Du H. Prediction of capillary suction in porous media based on micro-CT technology and B-C model. Open Physics. 2020. No. 18 (1), рр. 906–915. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/phys-2020-0203
15. Jiang Lu, Ke Wang, Ming-Liang Qu. Experimental determination on the capillary water absorption coefficient of porous building materials: A comparison between the intermittent and continuous absorption tests. Journal of Building Engineering. 2020. Vol. 28. 3. 101091. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2019.101091