AbstractAbout AuthorsReferences
The results of applying the method of electromagnetic pulse ultra-wideband (EMP UWB) sounding when assessing the depth of pile driving are presented. In the proposed method, a generator is used as a transmitter, made using the technology of drift diodes with a sharp recovery, when emitting a powerful pulsed electromagnetic field of nanosecond duration and a transmitting microstrip antenna. A microstrip antenna (similar to the transmitting one) of the meter (m-) wavelength range and a monopole antenna of the decimeter (dm-) range are used as receiving antennas. The receiver is a digital oscilloscope R&S RTH1004 with a dynamic range of 134 dB in voltage. Receiving antennas are matched with the underlying environment by voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) ≤1.85 in the frequency range 0.1–700 MHz. The large depth of propagation of the EMP UWB signal is based on the manifestation of low-frequency dispersion of the relative permittivity of the medium, the presence of which is due to the induced polarization with a dipole-relaxation mechanism under the influence of a strong EMP UWB field with parameters E~100 V/cm, H~1.56 A/cm (in GPR – E~1.6 V/cm, H~0.03 A/cm). Unlike the traditional GPR, which is an indicator device, the complex has a distinctive feature – a high level of metrological support: measurement of the parameters of the pulse and the emitted pulse; measurement of the parameters of matching antennas with the underlying environment (VSWR, active and reactive antenna resistance); measurement of the amplitude - frequency response of the receiver. In addition to the immersion depth, the location of the pile is determined if it is not possible to visualize it, its technical condition and the type of pile (bored or shell pile).
V.B. BOLTINTSEV1, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Deputy Director for research and development (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
V.N. ILYAKHIN1, Engineer(This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
M.V. EFANOV2, Director of Innovation Developments Development,(This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
V.N. ILYAKHIN1, Engineer(This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
M.V. EFANOV2, Director of Innovation Developments Development,(This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
1 LLC NPF “Geodizond”, (14, bldg. 6, Yuri Gagarin Avenue, St. Petersburg, 196211, Russian Federation)
2 JSC “PK” FID-Tekhnika” (68, Toreza Avenue, St. Petersburg, 194223, Russian Federation)
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2. Prostov S.M., Dyrnin V.A. Elektromagnitnyi beskontaktnyi geokontrol’ [Electromagnetic contactless geocontrol]. Kemerovo: GU KuzSTU. 2002. 132 p.
3. Prostov S.M., Gerasimov O.A., Maltsev E.A. Application of geophysical methods for determining the depth of immersion of bored, bored-injection and reinforced concrete piles. Vestnik Kuzbasskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2006. No. 5 (56), pp. 17–21. (In Russian).
4. Kartashev V.G., Kachanov V.K., Sokolov I.V. 2014. Radio engineering methods of ultrasonic flaw detection. Vestnik MEI. 2014. No. 1, pp. 64–71. (In Russian).
5. Boltintsev V.B., Ilyakhin V.N., Bezrodny K.P. Method of electromagnetic pulsed ultra-broadband sensing of the underlying medium. Zhurnal radioelektroniki. 2012. No. 1. (In Russian).
6. Bezrodny K.P., Bespalov P.N. Development of technology for radar inspection of concrete and reinforced concrete structures in order to detect hidden violations of the continuity of concrete (cracks and crack zones, decompressed areas), creation of an automated measuring complex. SPb.: 2010. 72 p. Dep. in VNTIC 26.01.2004, No. 01.200 315448. Catalog of R&D of the Russian Federation 2010, instrumentation.
7. Boltintsev V.B. Signal processing of m-, dm-wavelength ranges in electromagnetic pulsed ultra-wideband sensing of the underlying medium. Zhurnal radioelektroniki. 2013. No. 3. (In Russian).
8. Kletenik D.V. Sbornik zadach po analiticheskoi geometrii [Collection of problems on analytical geometry]. Moscow: Nauka, Fizmatlit. 1998. 240 p.
9. Starovoitov V.A. Interpretatsiya georadiolokatsionnykh dannykh [Interpretation of georadiolocation data]. Moscow: MGU. 2008. 192 p.
10. Grekhov I.V., Efanov V.M., Kardo-Sysoev A.F., etc. Powerful semiconductor generator of nanosecond pulses. Pribory i tekhnika eksperimenta. 1986. No. 1, pp. 93–94. (In Russian).
11. Boltintsev V.B. Evaluation of the realization of the ultra-broadband T-wave property for subsurface sounding antennas with parametric optimization of the cross-section sizes of current-carrying lines. Zhurnal radioelektroniki. 2012. No. 3. (In Russian).
12. Markov G.T., Petrov B.M., Grudinskaya G.P. Elektrodinamika i rasprostranenie radiovoln [Electrodynamics and propagation of radio waves]. Moscow: Sovetskoe Radio. 1979. 376 p.
13. Volkomirskaya L.B., Gulevich O.A., Lyakhov G.A., Reznikov A.E. Georadiolocation of great depths. Zhurnal radioelektroniki. 2019. No. 4. (In Russian).
14. Boltintsev V.B. Expanding the possibilities of monitoring underground space by the method of EMP UWB sounding. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2012. No. 9, pp. 54–58. (In Russian).
15. Boltintsev V.B. Influence of the frequency dispersion of the dielectric permittivity of the underlying medium on the design of a wire antenna designed for its sounding. X All-Russian Scientific and Technical Conference “Radar and radio communication”. Moscow: IRE RAN, 2016. Vol. I, pp. 80–84.
16. Jaynes E.T. On the logical justification of the maximum entropy method. TIIER. Vol. 70. No. 9, pp. 33–51.
17. Novitsky P.V., Zograf I.A. Otsenka pogreshnostei rezul’tatov izmerenii [Estimation of measurement results errors]. Moscow: Energoatomizdat. 1985. 248 p.
18. Buynyavichus V.-A.V., Karpitskaite B.-3.F., Pyatrikis C.-P.S. Statisticheskie metody v radioizmereniyakh [Statistical methods in radio measurements]. Moscow: Radio and svyaz’. 1985. 240 p.
19. Kulbak S. Teoriya informatsii i statistika [Information theory and statistics]. Moscow: Nauka, 1967. 408 p.
20. Tagliani A. Note on Proximity of Distributions in Terms of Coinciding Moments. Applied Mathematics and Computation. 2003. 2003. No. 145, pp. 195–203.
21. Teicher H. Identifiability of Mixtures. Ann. Math. Statist. 1961. Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 244–248.
22. Yovits M.C., Jackson J.L. Linear filter optimization with game theory considerations. IRE National Convention Record. 1955. Pt. 4, pp. 193–199.
23. Lindsay V. Sistemy sinkhronizatsii v svyazi i upravlenii [Synchronization systems in communication and control]. Moscow: Sovetskoe Radio. 1978. 600 p.
For citation: Boltintsev V.B., Ilyakhin V.N., Efanov M.V. Inspection of pile foundations by the method of electromagnetic pulse ultra-wideband sounding. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2022. No. 9, pp. 40–47. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2022-9-40-47