Selection of Energy-Reasonable Thermal Protection of Office Buildings with Year-Round Maintenance of the Thermal Microclimate

The annual energy consumption of the building is greatly influenced by the internal heat gains to the premises. When heating the heat gains play a positive role. During the working day, they compensate part or all of the heat loss. As for cooling, the heat dissipations in the building play a negative role, and the specific need for cold increases with increasing specific heat emissions. The aim of this work was to identify the dependence of the annual heat consumption for heating, as well as the cold for natural and artificial cooling of the building due to various factors, such as the shape of the building and its thermal protection. In the climate of Moscow, for office premises with internal heat emissions, the duration of time is long, when the maintained room temperature is higher than the outside air temperature. Therefore, during the year the load on the natural and artificial cooling systems is less in buildings with the least thermal protection and with less heat gains in the room. It is also interesting that the load on cooling is less when the facade is more glazed, since the thermal protection of the building is reduced, which only confirms the previous thesis (heat gains from solar radiation is usually minimal, since the windows in buildings with cooling are shaded). Than smaller the building volume, moreover at higher heat inputs the lowest energy consumptions during the year are achieved with the greatest insulation. The ratio between the consumption of heat and cold during the year is also important information, as for cooling of the building is spent 3–4 times more primary fuel than for heating.

E.G. MALYAVINA, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
A.A. FROLOVA, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (26, Yaroslavskoye Shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)

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